Collins, Interaction Ritual Chains

interaction ritual chain (IR chain)

repeated social interaction in which outcomes of one ritual influence participation in later ritual

Mutual focus of attention

participants focus on the same thing

aware others are focusing too

intensifies common emotion

emotional entrainment

process though which participants emotionas becom mutually reinforcing

Bodily co- presence

2+ ppl being physically present in the same place

allowing to respond to each others signals

Group boundaries

real / percived distinction between people participating in a ritaul and outsiders

Shared mood

emotional exp based on shared mood

reinforces shared attention that intensifies mood

Ritual ingredients

1. bodily co-presence

2. barrier to outsiders

3. mutual focus of attention

4. shared mood or emotional experience

reinforce each other

Ritual outcomes

1. group solidarity

2. individual emotional energy

3. shared symbols

4. morality

stronger whan mutual attention and shared emotion become intense

Emotional energy

individuals emotions + initiative to act increased by successful ritual

Group solidarity

feeling of belonging to a group

increase when participants exp shared attention + emotion

shared symbols

things that represent a group + become associated with collective identity

Morality

loyalty to the group, respect for symbol and defence = right

formal ritual

interaction initiated by recognised ceremonial procedure

Natural ritual

interactions that develop mutual attention + emotion entrainment spontanously without formally prescribed ceremonial procedure

joint attention

attend to the same thing - mutual focus

Storing solidatiry in symbold

emotional exp = associated with symbol

can lead to recall of groups identity and feelings generated by earier interactions

micro-macro connection

connection between small-scale interactions and larger social structures

collective effervesence

heightened feeling of shared emo intensity

when in common activity

reinforced

failed / empty ritual

ingrediance do not combine successfully

little shared emotional intensity / solidarity

bored

forced ritual

ppl try to display positive emotion

draining