mbus 4100 exam 1 - easy sheets

manager role

Hub of all the artist's business activity. Promotes the artist's career in all ways. Puts out fires. Handles all DIY aspects of an artist's career

manager pay

15-20% of the Artist's Gross Income minus a few exclusions. Advances may or may not be commissioned.

manager exclusivity

Yes

do manager require a license?

no

manager touring

Develops general touring plan with Agent. May select opening acts per the artist's approval. Negotiates merch deal. Hires/fires tour crew.

do managers tour with the band?

rarely

manager recording

Shops artist to record companies. Negotiates general terms of record deal. Some help with selection of producer, studio, session players, material. Stays on top of the label with regard to promoting the artist's releases

manager term

Can be years or Album Cycles

managers post term

Sunset Clause provides for Post-Term Commissions.

are managers key persons?

yes

booking agent role

Arranges concerts

booking agent pay

10% of Artist Performance Fees. Does not earn off merch.

do booking agents have exclusivity?

Within certain boundaries. May have domestic and international. Also 3rd party agents may be utilized

do booking agents require licenses?

In some states agents must be licensed by the American Federation of Musicians. Knowns as Franchising.

booking agent touring

Their whole job is touring. Routes tour based on Manager's general plan. Books concerts. Negotiates performance fees with Concert Promoter or Talent Buyer. Sets ticket prices (sometimes in conjuntion with promoter). Sets date of ticket release.

do booking agents tour with the band?

no

do booking agents deal with recording?

no

booking agents term

years

booking agents post term

Collects commission on all shows booked, even if shows occur after Agent and Artist have parted ways.

are booking agents key persons?

yes

business manager role

Handles finances

business manager pay

Either: 5% of Artist's Gross Income; or monthly; or hourly

do business managers have exclusivity?

yes

do business managers require license?

no

business manager touring

Builds budget for tour. Handles accounting for all tour revenues, including merch. Issues paychecks to crew. Sounds the alarm if tour is over budget. Cross checks payments from Agent and daily financial reports from Tour Manager.

do business manager tour with the band?

no

how do business managers deal with recordings?

Oversees recording budget. Recieves/distributes recording advances. Pays all bills related to production.Collects royalties and distributes accordingly.

business manager term

Vaires by compensation method. Time-based

business manager post term

Commission only while working.

are business managers key persons?

no

attorney role

Negotiates Contracts

attorney pay

Either: Hourly; or Flat Fee; or Retainer vs Hourly; or one of two commission models: 5% of artist's gross entertainment earnings during the time they work with the attorney, or 10% of an advance on a specific deal being negotiated.

do attorneys have exclusivity?

no

do attorneys require license?

yes

attorneys touring

It is not common for the attorney to have a role in the touring operation. Most booking contracts are negotiated by the Agent

do attorneys tour with the band?

no

attorney recording

Negotiates details of recording contract. Some attorneys shop artists to record companies, operating almost more like a manager.

attorney term

Vaires by compensation method. Time-based or Album Cycle based

attorneys post term

Typically none, or phased out after contract expires.

are attorneys key persons?

no

publicist role

Arranges press coverage - reviews, concert previews, features, video premieres, tv appearances. Makes sure band has a bio. Sometimes hired before a team is assembled in order to raise an artist's industry profile.

publicist pay

Monthly fee over the course of a campaign

do publicists have exclusivity?

Sometimes an artist may use their label's in-house PR to support an outside hired specialist

do publicists require licenses?

no

publicists touring

Coordinates tour press - features and concert previews in tour markets timed to promote ticket sales. Arranges radio interviews, and tv appearances.

do publicists tour with the band?

no

publicists recording

Arranges album reviews. Many campaigns start several months before an album is released

publicists term

Typically a PR campaign begins 3-6 months before the release date of the music being promoted.

publicists post term

none

publicist key person

typically, but may not be contractual

artist team

• manager

• booking agent

• business manager

• attorney

• publicist

key persons in artist team

• manager

• booking agent

• publicist (typically but may not be contractual)

performing rights organizations

• American Society of Composers (ASCAP)

• Broadcast Music Inc (BMI)

• Society of European Stage Authors and Composers (SESAC)

• Global Music Rights (GMR)

• SoundExchange

ASCAP

American Society of Composers,

• Non-profit

BMI

Broadcast Music, Inc.

SESAC

Society of European Stage Authors and Composers.

GMR

Global Music Rights

SoundExchange

• Collects and distributes royalties for artists, session musicians and labels for non-interactive streaming of a recording on a platform such as Sirius XM or Pandora.

• They do NOT pay writers and publishers. This is the only way that side musicians earn royalties for songs they played on.

what do performing arts rights organizations do?

Collects and pays royalties to songwriters and publishers for public performance of a song, such as radio, TV, streaming and live performances.

what do performing arts rights organizations NOT do?

• pay artists and labels.

• pay royalties for sales of records, cd's or downloads

trade organizations

• Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)

• International Federation of Phonographic Industries (IFPI)

• National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS)

• National Music Publishers Association (NMPA)

• Music Biz

RIAA

• Recording Industry Association of America.

• Trade organization.

• Certifies sales numbers. Awards Gold (for US sales of at least 500k) and Platinum (for US sales of at least 1m)records.

IFPI

• International Federation of Phonographic Industries.

• Worldwide trade organization.

• Awards Platinum Records for Europe.

NARAS

• National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.

• Puts on the Grammys

• Recording industry trade organization.

• Must be music professional to join.

• Grammy U is their student division.

NAMM

• National Association of Music Merchants. Music Retailers,

• Manufacturers trade organization.

NMPA

• National Music Publishers Association.

• Music Publishers trade organization.

Music Biz

• Music Business Association.

• Non-profit membership organization that advances and promotes music commerce.

labor unions

• American Federation of Musicians (AFM)

• Screen Actors Guilds and American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG/AFTRA)

AFM

• American Federation of Musicians.

• Musicians Union.

SAG/AFTRA

• Screen Actors Guild and American Federation of Television and Radio Artists

• TV and Radio performers union.

streaming services

• spotify

• apple music

• amazon music

• tidal

• youtube

spotify

• Streaming service:

• The most paid subscribers

apple music

• 2nd in paid subscribers.

• Pays higher royalties than Spotify.

amazon music

• Amazon Music is growing.

• Like Apple Music, since they are part of a huge company, the music service does not have to be profitable as a stand-alone entity.

tidal

• Higher sound quality;

• higher subscription price;

• higher royalties

youtube

• Most users worldwide;

• among the lowest per stream royalties of any major service

industry publications

• billboard

• pollstar

billboard

Leading music business trade publication.

pollstar

Live music trade publication

Mechanical Licensing Collective (MLC)

• issues licenses to streaming and download services and pays royalties to songwriters and publishers for streaming and downloads.

• The streaming services pay them and then they pays the royalties.

• does NOT pay artists and label.

• NOT a Performing Rights Organization

Soundscan

Tracks retail sales of recorded music

RIAA certifications

• gold record

• platinum record

• diamond record

gold record

500,000 sales or SEA (1500 on-demand streams = 1 sale)

platinum record

1,000,000 sales or SEA (1500 on-demand streams = 1 sale)

diamond record

10,000,000 or SEA (1500 on-demand streams = 1 sale)

Track Equivalent Album

• Billboard Charts use to determine chart rankings now.

• 10x download = 1 album.

Stream Equivalent Album

• Billboard Charts use to determine chart rankings now.

• 1250x streams = 1 album

Billboard Artist 100

Combines performance across the Hot 100 chart, the Billboard 200 album chart, and the Social 50 chart.

Billboard Hot 100

singles chart

Billboard 200

albums chart

Billboard Social 50

• Ranks artist by recent social media activity.

• Compiled by Next Big Sound

• Based on weekly additions of friends, fans and followers, along with artist website views and streaming media.

Next Big Sound

• Provides analytics for online music.

• Analyzes popularity of musicians in socials, streaming and radio.

album cycle

18-36 month period after the release date of an artist's album

catalog

a catalog title as one that is more than 18 months old and that has fallen below position 100 on the Billboard 200

active roster catalog

Catalog by artists still releasing music on a label

commission

• % based payment.

• based off of a gross amount, rather than a net amount.

• the gross the artist earns before paying commissions.

• ex: Ticket sales gross $20,000. The artist gets paid $10,000. Thus, the artist's gross is $10,000 and commissions are based on that.