A1.2.3 - Sugar phosphate bonding and the sugar phosphate “backbone” of DNA and RNA

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5 Terms

1
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Phosphodiester Bond

  • A covalent bond between nucleotides in a nucleic acid chain (polypeptide)


2
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⁣Sugar Phosphate Backbone

  • Gives nucleic acids structural framework

  • sequence of ‍nitrogenous bases carries the genetic information.


<ul><li><p>Gives nucleic acids structural framework</p></li><li><p><strong>sequence of ‍nitrogenous bases</strong><span style="color: lab(27.1134 -0.956401 -12.3224);"> carries the genetic information.</span></p></li></ul><p></p>
3
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DNA and RNA Directionality

  • Backbone = chain with two “ends,” and each end is labeled by which carbon on the sugar is free

  • 5' end has a free phosphate group\

  • 3' end has a free hydroxyl group (-OH)


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Purines

  • Double ring bases

  • Includes adenine (A) and guanine (G)


5
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Pyrimidine

  • Double ring bases

  • Includes cytosine (C), thymine (T) for DNA, and Uracil (U) for RNA