General biology TERM 2

Simple Diffusion

It is where the molecules move to a High Concentration and to Low Concentration where it passes through the lipids and membrane.

facilitated diffusion

It is the movement of specific molecules (ions/water) across cell membranes through protein channels.

Osmosis

The movement of water which goes from Low Concentration to High Concentration

Isotonic

The solute have an equal concentration

Hypertonic

This is where it has higher solute concentration and low water concentration

Hypotonic

This is where lower solute concentration and high water concentration

active transport

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

sodium-potassium pump

a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell

Calcium Pump

Active transport protein; pumps calcium ions across a cell membrane and maintain low concentration

Glucose transport

It transport glucose down to their concentration

Ion Channels

This only choose very specific "ions" to enter inside.

Vesicles

small membrane sacs that specialize in moving products into, out of, and within a cell that contains cytoplasm and lipids.

Golgi body

The one that produce the vesicles and carries it to the membrane

Exocytosis

Process of the molecules being transported outside of the cell

Constitutive (type of exocytosis)

it is part of the exocytosis where it transport the molecule outside of the vesicle

Regulated (type of exocytosis)

This is also part of the exocytosis where it transport the molecule using the trigger signals to guide the cell

Endocytosis

A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane.

Phagocytosis

A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs solid particles

Pinocytosis

A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.

receptor-mediated endocytosis

It uses the receptor proteins that only allow specific molecules to pick which one that can enter inside.