lap 3 pre civil war study guide acp american history

What does the U.S. Constitution say to support slavery?

fugitive slave law ( if slave was caught in free state then they must -by law- be returned) and 3/5 compromise (in house of representivives slaves only counted as 3/5)

How did the U.S. constitutions oppose slavery?

they stopped forgien slave trade after 1808 (stop bringing slaves in from africa but this didnt stop slavery)

What is the relationship between states rights and slavery in the U.S.

southern states believed in their rights to allow slavery and to let it expand into new territories and they did not believe that the gov should interfer with those rights.

Relate the Northwest ordinance and the missouri compromise

(NO- banned slavery north and east of the ohio river) they both said that any person who escapes should be returned (fugitive slave law) they were both geographic lines that restricted slavery in certain territories

manifest destinity

the idea that americans were destined to conqour the land to the west and that it was our God given right

Arguments FOR manifest destinity

people belived our God given right and it expanded democracy, freedom and christinaity

reasons to be against manifest destiny

we were taking the lands of the natives, create an unbalance in slave and free states, could start more conflict

contrast actions of stephen austin and sam houston

austin: brought families to settle in texas under the mexican government

houston: led texans to texan rebellian, captured santa anna, became president of texas and then govener.

When americans first moved into texas what was expected of them? Problems?

They were expected to follow mexican law and since mexican law did not allow slaves people were very unhappy about this because they wanted slaves. They were also required to become catholic. this caused tension between mexico and america

How was the republic of texas created and why was it short lived

created in 1836, when texas declared independence. But it was short lived because they faced debt, conflict with mexico and therefore wanted to join the US. Joined in 1845

what two problems slowed texas’ aannexation and application for statehood?

texas joining the U.S. would create an unequal balance between slave and free states, the U.S. did not want to take on texas’ conflicts with mexico

Diplomatically, what did polk try to do to gain california

he tried to purchase california from mexico for 30 million dollars

What happened when U.S. troops were ordered to the Rio Grande? Why?

Mexico did not reconize the rio grande as the mexican- american border so mexico began to attack

New strategy/ tech? Where was it used/ fought?

flying artillery= fast moving cannons

only fought on mexican lands

How did the US win the Mexican American war?

we captured mexico city

how did the US benifit from the treaty of guadalupe Hidalgo

-only offered 15 mil for cali so we got a discount

-gained control of cali, nevada, utah, new mexico

-mexico reconized rio grande as the border

What did the wilmot proviso try to do

it tried to ban slavery in any territory gainef rom mexico after the mexican american war

why did the wilmot provoso fail to pass

it based in house because it was even because there was northern majority in the house but in the senate it was equally split so it was not passed

why would some voters support the wilmot proviso

it would stop the expansion of slavery into U.S. territories and it would mean new land for labor opputinities

Why would some voters oppose it?

Some believed congress had not right to ban slavery in territories won by americans , thought it would strip them of their property rights and it would weaken power of south

why was cali the first area of mexican cession ready for statehood?

the gold rush brought in many settlers which increased its population rapidly and they were ready to apply for statehood

Where was gold first found in cali and how did people strike rich

found: sutters mill near sacramento

they stroke rich by selling supplys to gold miners

What did northerners support in the compromise of 1850

california as a free state and abolition of slave trade in washington dc

What did southerns support in the compromise of 1850

-stronger fugitive slave laws (adds that anyone who helps hide slaves will be punished

-popular soverignty in areas from mexican sucession (utah, new mexico territory

-congress cant interfer with slavery in a state where it already exists

What is popular sovereigntyy and where was it allowed after 1850

popular sovreignty allowed voters of a territory to decide whether or not slavery should be allowed. it was allowed in utah territory and new mexico territory

Who led the southern opposition to the compromise? What was the conern?

Calhoun from SC, was concerned that the compromise didnt protect southern rights or slavery. He was worried it would upset the balence of power between nothern and southern states and it would lead to northern domination

What was the fugitive slave law and why did many northerners reject it?

It forced them to help enforce slavery and felt it violated their freedoms

how did manifest destiniy and the addition of new states help to cause the civil war?

it caused conflict over whether slavery would be allowed in new territories(this increased the tensions between the north and south and helped lead to the civil war.

According to the kansas-nebraska act how would the slavery issue be settled in those territories

through popular sovreignty

What was the technical impact of the kansas-nebraska act

divided LA terrioty into KS and NE

Why did slavery make sense to some in Kansas?

because it worked in Missouri so it should work in kansas because kansas is the same spot as missouri just to the left

Relate bleeding kansas and the border ruffians

border ruffians were voters from missouri who raided kansas and voted for slavery.Bleeding Kansas was the violent conflict between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups over whether Kansas would allow slavery.

contrast events in lawrence and at pottawatomie creek

lawrence: happened first, pro slavery forces attacked the antislavery town which destroyed buildings and nespaper printing presses

pottawatomie: in response to the attack on lawrence, abolitionst john brown and followers killed 5 pro slavery men

What was the lecomton constitution and why did congress reject it

lecomption constitution tried to make kansas a slave state

rejected: because lawmakers belieed it was unfair and did not represent will of kansas voters. many anti- slavery settlers boycotted the vote and kansas voters rejected the constitution themselves.

abolitionist

a person who advocated fro slaves and the end of slavery

underground railroad

a secret network of routes, safe houses and people who helped slaves escape

type of work done by douglass while he was enslaved

Frederick Douglass worked as a field hand, a house servant, a ship caulker, and a laborer. He also worked in a shipyard and did carpentry and other manual labor.

describe the type of violence depicted in douglass’ book

many slaves were beaten to be punished, whipped, and some killed. many woman were raped to reproduce more children as slaves

1. Why is Douglass upset about Gore’s shooting of Demby?

he was upset becuase a slave died and mr gore didnt recieve any punishment

Why did douglass dislike Mr. Audl most of all?

he didnt feed them very well and he was especially cruel and he used his religion to justify his treatment of slaves

why is douglass’s confrontation with covey a turning point

after standing up to covey he felt more determained that he could over come slavery and his self worth increased and he believed he could overcome it

With which abolistionst did douglass work closey with at first? What did he publish?

William Lloyd Garrison and he published an anti slave newspaper called the liberator

why did harriet beecher stowe write uncle toms cabin at that time

it was her reaction to the fugitive slave laws

what was stowes purpose for writting the book

to create sympathy for slaves and show how it affected families directly

contrast the work of william still and harriet tubman

william still: director of the philadelphia underground railroad

harriet tubman: abolistionist lecturer, underground railroad guide

compare the earlier activities of nat turner and denmark vesey

denmark vesy: community leader, convicted of plotting a slave revolt and became a symbol of resistance (1822)

Nat turner: raided plantations, killed around 75 white southerners which led to increasingly harsh slave codes

What was the main goal/ platform of the republican party? Precieved platform?

Main goal: to stop slavery from moving into new territories, they were all percieved as abolitionists even though not all of them were

What was the dred scott case and why did Scott sue for his freedom?

dred scott sued for his freedom because his owner took him to live in a free state and territory. arguing that residence in a free land made him permanetly free. the supreme court rejected his claim. This ruled that black people were not US citiziens, they were just property.

What did justice taney say about slaves (citizenship// legal rights) in the decision.

He said that black people whether free or enslaved were not citiizens under the U.S. constitution

What did taney say about territories in teh descision? Why?

congress could not ban slavery in federal territories and that a ban would deprive the citiziens of their property under the fifth amendment

What did the Scott decision change?

repealed the Missouri compromise and said that just because a slave is in a free state doesnt mean they are free because they are not citizens, they are propety.

Why did lincoln and douglas debate in 1858? Who won the elcetion

debated for the role of a senator in illinois.. douglass won

How did the debates effect lincoln

gave him national popularity

What did brown hope to do at harpers ferry

he wanted to steal all of the weapons and supply them to his men and the enslaved people. he wanted to start a rebellion to end slavery and hoped to make slaves more involved and start to fight against slavery.

reasons the attack on harpers ferry was not sucessuful

not much communication, so not many slaves knew about it

location was difficult to defend agianst gov forces

lacked weapons and enough people

How were southern political attitudes changed after harpers ferry

started being harsher towards the slaves since they feared they would rebel and act up

what did southerns threate to do if republicans won in 1860

secede from the union

who won election of 1860. results of popular vote

abe lincoln, he only won 40 percent of the popular vote but he won the right states to win the electorial college anyways