LEED V5 - Flashcards/Terms (Part 2)

Flashcards

101

Xeriscaping

102

Flush and Flow Rates

103

High-Efficiency Fixtures

104

Cooling Tower

105

Process Water

106

Goals of the Water Efficiency Credit Category

107

Types of Water use in and Around Buildings

108

Strategies to Reduce Outdoor Water use

109

Strategies to Reduce Indoor Water use

110

Strategies to Reduce Process Water use

111

Energy-Efficient Building

112

Building Envelope

113

R-Value

114

Thermal Bridges

115

Energy-Recovery Ventilation

116

Ventilation

117

Connected Lighting Power (also known as Lighting Power Density

118

Occupant Engagement Programs

119

Parasitic Loads

120

Plug Load

Heat or electricity consumed in support og a manufacturing, industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces or maintaining comfort and amenities for the people in a building

Process Energy

The total energy demand that results from the consumption or release of process energy. Examples include the energy used for commercial cooking, operating and escalator, and supermarket freezers.

Process Load

The amount of energy that needs to be available to operate the project. Energy demand is also known as load.

Energy Demand

The maximum amount of thermal energy or electrical power that must be available at a specific point in time

Peak Demand

Technology used to control HVAC, lighting , and more in a building

Building Automation System (BAS)

Measuring devices and reporting systems that track energy use over time

Energy Meters

A type of commissioning that helps ensure that components of the building envelope are installed and functioning properly

Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx)

The process of verifying and documenting that a project and all it’s systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained according to project requirements

Commissioning (Cx)

A written document that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria the owner has prioritized

Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR)

A type of commissioning that maintains and continuously improves project performance over time by gathering information about energy performance and using this information in a cycle of analysis, problem-solving, staff training and implementation, and further monitoring.

Monitoring-Based Commissioning

A type of commissioning that is provided by a third party for an existing project that includes assessment and testing of building systems and documentation of any measures that are needed to improve performance

Retro-Commissioning

The process of reducing or eliminating greenhouse gas emissions

Decarbonization

Fluids that change from liquid to gas and back again as they move heat from one place to another

Refrigerants

A measure of how much energy one ton of a gas will absorb over a given period of time relative to CO2. The larger the GWP, the more a given gas warms the Earth compared to CO2.

Global Warming Potential (GWP)

The networks of wires and cables that transport electricity from power plants to end users

Electrical Grids

The process of replacing non-electric energy sources with electricity

Electrification

A type of HVAC system that draws thermal energy out of water, air, or the ground into a refrigerant and then transfers that heat to another place

Heat Pump

A change in a project’s normal electricity-use patterns that is triggered by a signal from a grid operator — typically either an increase in the price of electricity or an alert that system reliability has been jeopardized

Demand Response

The ability to sore electrical or thermal energy on the project site and then either consume the stored energy or return it to the grid if grid power is in short supply

Energy Storage

Systems that allow buildings to manage the level and timing of their electrical demand on the grid

Grid Interactivity

Energy sources that exist in finite quanties and cannot be naturally replenished or regenerated within a human timescale, such as fossil fuels (e.g., oil, coal, and gas) and nuclear energy

Non-Renewable Energy

Renewable energy that is generated at a location seperate from where it is consumed

Off-Site Renewable Energy

Renewable energy that is consumed at the same location where it is produced

On-Site Renewable Energy

Energy that is derived from sources that are replenished at a faster rate than they are consumed, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.

Renewable Energy

Purchased certificates that fund the production of off-site renewable energy to offset a project’s energy use. RECs are also known as energy attribute certificates (EACs)

Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)

Separating one part of an electric grid (e.g. a projects’s energy generating system) from the main power network, making the project’s system its own disconnected grid

Islanding

• Enable well-designed, constructed, and operated buildings that use less energy, produce fewer carbon emissions, and increase their resilience to disruptions.

• Increase carbon literacy among the people who design, construct, and operate buildings

• Provide a clear framework to reduce or eliminate carbon emissions, achieve greater energy independence and security, and lower operational energy costs

Goals of the Energy and Atmosphere Credit Category

• Increasing energy efficiency

• Managing refrigerant use

• Replacing on-site combustion with electricity

• Obtaining energy from renewable sources

Decarbonization Strategies

• HVAC Systems

• Water Heating

• Plug Loads

• Process Loads

Ways that Buildings use Energy

• Reducing energy use through efficiency

• Maintaining energy efficiency over time

• Decarbonizing through electrification

• Procuring or producing renewable energy

Steps to an Energy Efficiency Approach

Two Cases that an Energy Model Compares

1. Base Case

2. Design Case

A building model (for the project’s size, location, and use) with energy features that meet minimum required energy codes

Base Case

A building model (with the same size, location, and use as the base case), that includes solutions for achieving the project’s energy-performance goals

Design Case

• Selecting systems that use refrigerants with the lowest possible global warming potential (GWP)

• Selecting systems that use refrigerants that do not deplete the ozone layer

• Designing systems to use no more refrigerant than necessary

• Managing HVAC systems to minimize leaks and to catch them quickly if they occur

• Developing protocols for HVAC maintenance and decommissioning to help ensure refrigerants are captured and either recycled or destroyed

Strageties to manage refrigerants over the project’s life cycle

Strategies to manage demand on electrical grids

• Grid Interactivity

• Demand Response

• Energy Storage

Chemicals found in many products that can evaporate, or off-gas, at normal indoor temperatures and pressures

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

Using less material to perform the same function or produce the same resulrs. This is also referred to as material-use optimization

Material Efficiency

A set measures and practices that avoid demand for energy, materials, land, and water while delivering human well-being within planetary boundaries

Sufficiency

An approach where resources are continuously reused and recycled, reducing dependence on virgin resources and minimizing waste

Material Circularity

An evaluation of the environmental impact of a building product or a whole building project over it's entire life cycle, from raw material extraction to construction and disposal. An LCA provides valuable information for decision-making related to design, construction, operation, maintenance, and eventual reuse, recycling, or disposal.

Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA)

Certifications that rate products on their performance across multiple measures, such as environmental and social impact

Multi-Attribute Certifications