life science chapter ate

Through an increase in social interactions, children in this stage will
make advancements in

Developing a sense of self
• Emotional maturity
• Moral Understanding
• Gender Awareness
• Self- Recognition

Conscience

an internal regulation of standards of right and wrong
that involves integrating moral thought, feeling, and behavior. Brings
reward and guilt.

Early self understanding involves self-recognition

Children at this age will describe themselves in concrete/ observable
features (material characteristics, bodily attributes, and physical
activities

Emotion-coaching parents

view their children’s negative emotions as
opportunities for teaching, assist them in labeling emotions, and coach them
in how to deal effectively with emotions

Emotion-dismissing parents

choose to deny, ignore, or change negative
emotions in their children

Heteronomous morality

Children think of justice and rules as
unchangeable properties of the world, removed from the control of
people. *immanent justice

Autonomous morality

They become aware that rules and laws are
created by people, and in judging an action they consider the actor’s
intentions as well as the consequences

Gender Identity is usually developed by age

3

Biological Influences in gender

Chromosomes, hormones, evolution

Social Cog. Theory of Gender

gender development occurs through
observing and imitating what other people say and do, and through being
rewarded and punished for gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate
behavior

4 types of Parenting Styles

Authoritarian Parenting
2.Authoritative Parenting
3.Neglectful Parenting
4.Indulgent Parenting

Authoritarian Parents

are restrictive and have firm limits. Children of
these parents are usually fearful, unhappy and anxious

Neglectful Parents

are uninvolved leading children to believe they are
not important.

Indulgent Parents

are highly involved but place few demands. “spoiled

4 Types of Child Maltreatment

Physical Abuse
Child Neglect
Sexual Abuse
Emotional Abuse

Laurie Kramer theory

believes it is not best step back and allow them to work
it out. We must step in and mediate the situation if things get out of
hand.

Judy Dunn theory

Emotional quality of the relationship
Familiarity and intimacy of the relationship
Variation in sibling relationships

The Changing Family

Working Parents
• Children in Divorced Families
• LGBTQ Families
• Culture, Ethnic and Socioeconomic Variations

Peer Group Functions

Provide a source of information
• Used to compare the world (outside of family)
• Wil receive feedback about their abilities
• Children will compare themselves to their peers
• Good Peer relationships promotes normal socioemotional develop

Play’s Function

Helps children master anxieties and
conflicts
Believe that
play advances cognitive development. “play permits children to
practice their competencies

Types of Play

Sensorimotor play
• Practice Play
• Pretense/ Symbolic Play: Imagination is used ( a box as a house)
• Social Play: involving others or in a social setting
• Constructive Play (practice + symbolic play)
• Games: have rules and are for pleasure