Unit 2a

Alfred T. Mahan

Naval historian who advocated for naval power as the basis for a great nation; urged the U.S. to build a modern fleet

Big Stick Diplomacy

Theodore Roosevelt’s approach to international relations that depended on a strong military to achieve its aims.

Dollar Diplomacy

President Taft’s policy to encourage investment rather than use force in Latin America

Emilio Aguinaldo

Leader of Filipino nationalists who defeated the Spanish Army

Foraker Act

(1900) Established civil government in Puerto Rico with an appointed governor

Jose Marti

Organized and unified the movement for Cuban independence

Open Door Policy

Allowed for equal trading rights with China for all countries, created 1899-1900

Panama Canal

(built 1903 - 1913) Waterway dug across Panama to shorten the trip between the Atlantic and the Pacific.

“Pancho” Villa

Mexican guerrilla and outlaw who eluded capture by General Pershing for 11 months in 1916-1917

Philippine Insurrection

(1899) Organized by Filipino nationalists against the United States after they decided to retain possession of the Philippines.

Platt Amendment

Addendum to Cuba’s constitution restricting Cuba’s independence from the United States

Queen Liliuokalani

Hawaiian monarch dethroned in 1893 by rebel American planters in an action backed by U.S. Marines.

Roosevelt Corollary

Roosevelt’s addition to the Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the U.S. would intervene in Latin America in order to prevent European intervention

Spheres of Influence

Zones in China that gave European powers exclusive to commerce

Treaty of Paris

Ended the Spanish-American War and included U.S. acquisition of Puerto Rico and the purchase of the Philippines 1898

Yellow Journalism

Journalism that emphasized sensationalism over facts

Pros of Treaty of Paris

Guam and Puerto Rico become part of U.S. territory

U.S. Acquires the Philippines

Cons of Treaty of Paris

Fighting against U.S. troops in the Philippines lasts three years

U.S loses ten-times more troops in the Philippines than in the Spanish-American War