Test 3 things to remember

l = 0 ( orbital and shape )

S orbital

l = 1 ( orbital and shape )

p orbital, figure 8

l = 2 ( orbital and shape )

d orbital, clover shape

l = 3

f orbital,

WHen going left to right on the periodic table does size increase or decrease

decreases

when going down the periodic table, does size increase or decrease

increase

Does ionization energy increase or decrease when going from left to right on periodic table

increases

when going down the periodic table does ionization energy increase or decrease

decrease

as size decreases, it takes more ___ to remove an election because…

energy. because the nucleus is close to election, so ionization energy increases

When an electron is added in the ground state, it goes into the unfilled orbital with the __ energy

lowest

when an electron is removed, it is from the ___ energy occupied orbital

highest

where are the different orbitals on the periodic table and what rows are the f block in?

f blocks are in rows 6 and 7 and for row 6, its 4f and for roq 7 its row 5

an orbital that is lower in energy means that it is __ to the nucleus

closer

d orbitals can take__ electron out of __ orbitals to become __ or __ full

d orbitals can take ONE electron out of S orbitals to become HALF or COMPLETELY full

Paramagnetic vs Diamagnetic

paramagnetic = at least one unpaired electron

diamagnetic = no unpaired electrons

Outer electrons

all electrons with the highest n value

valence electrons

• the electrons involved in reactions

• all electrons with the highest n value

• all electrons with incomplete d or f orbital sets

Inner core electrons

• everything in the noble gas part of noble gas configeration

• all electrons in a completed d and f orbital set

Periodicity Trend

elements within same group ( vertical column ) tend to have same reactivity because they have same number of valence electrons

valence electrons from periodic table

trends for ionic charges from periodic table

important thing to remember for adding or removing electrons from transition metals ( or d block )

• you remove it from the latest S block before you the d orbital

• transition metals want to make cations

• once electrons from s orbital are lost, then you can take from d orbital