Cjus ch 4 definitions

Covered jurisdiction

voting processes were under federal supervision due to a history of discrimination against minority voters

Borh

informal social unit of early policing (ended in 1066).

Frankpledge system

suretyship-based system of policing using tythings.

Tything (tithing)

all men 12 and older from 10 households.

Hundred

Ten tythings grouped into a security collective.

Parish constable

Policing agent for smaller towns, initially elected by parishioners; Unarmed, unpaid, and part-time.

Shire reeves

Precursors to sheriffs.

Watchmen

Used to protect property in larger communities

Thief takers

Hired by victims to capture offenders for a bounty. Often corrupt.

Bobbies (or Peelers)

Officers that replaced existing and corrupt system of parish constables and night watchmen.

Slave patrols (1704)

3 to 6 White men who regulated slave behavior and hunted escapees.

Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

Passed by the U.S. Congress and created the need for slave patrols, which fell to police.