Biology first part

made by organisms and the molecule for life main ones consist of carbs lipids protein and nucleic acids

biomolecule

which is a function of carbohydrates

what is the monomer of carbohydrates

simple sugars

what's the main functions of lipids

insulation, make up the cell membrane, store long-term imagery

what's the monomer of lipids

fatty acids (not a true monomer)

what are the main functions of proteins

support/defend the body and transport substances, make up structures, enzyme speed up chemical reactions

what's the monomer of proteins

amino acids

what's the main function of nucleic acids

store and pass down genetic information

what's the monomer and polymer of nucleic acids

Nucleotide is the monomer in the polymer is nucleic acids

glucose is a …

carbohydrate

name two examples of lipids

fats, oils, waxes

enzymes are a …

Protein

the substance that interacts with an enzyme at the start of a reaction

Substrate

substance that is helping a chemical reaction. stays the same state

Enzyme

when an enzyme and a substrate have formed together

Enzyme substrate complex

Denatured

the deformation of an enzyme changes its shape and size due to heat

hypertonic solution

A solution that has more solute

hypotonic solution

the solution has less solute

which direction does water move when in a hypertonic solution

Out of the cell

which direction is a water move in a hypotonic solution

into the cell

in a hypertonic solution this cell …

Shrinks

and a hypotonic solution to cell…

grows

And Isotonic solution is a

solution that has the same amount of solute as the substance outside

what functions does a cell membrane have

1. Requlates what goes into and out of the cell

2. maintains homeostasis

3. helps with flexability

what are the three types of passive transport

1. simple diffusion

2. Osmosis

3. Facilitated diffusion

what happens in active transport

cells move through the membrane from low to high it requires ATP usually

where is ATP produced

the mitochondria

do prokaryotic are eukaryotic cells have DNA stored in a nucleus

Eukaryotic, because prokaryotic cells don't have a nucleus

list the membrane bound organelle's found in prokaryotic cells

None

what type of cells are more complex

eukaryotic cells

what theory explains why chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA separate from the cell

endosymbiotic theory

what does ATP stand for

Adenosine Tri-phoshate

explain how ATP provides energy

it provides energy by losing a phosphate group making it ADP

what carbohydrate is used to make atp

Glucose

what is the chemical equation for photosynthesis

Water + Carbon dioxide → Glucose(used for food) + Oxygen

What's the chemical equation for cellular respiration

Glucose + Oxygen → Water + Carbon dioxide

where is photosynthesis produced or like where does it happen

chloroplast

Where does cellular respiration happen

The mitochondria

what's chlorophyll

A pigment that traps sunlight found in chloroplast

what is respiration

how organisms transfer food into usable energy