4 Ernestine Wiedenbach's The Helping Art of Clinical Nursing Theory

Which nursing theorist defined nursing as “The Helping Art of Clinical Nursing”?

Ernestine Wiedenbach

According to Wiedenbach, nursing is the practice of identifying what in a patient?

The patient’s need for help

What is the first step in Wiedenbach’s definition of nursing, involving the patient’s behaviors and symptoms?

Observation of presenting behaviors and symptoms

In Wiedenbach’s definition, what does the nurse explore with the patient about their symptoms?

The meaning of the symptoms

What does the nurse determine about the patient’s discomfort in Wiedenbach’s definition?

The cause

What does the nurse determine about the patient’s ability to resolve their discomfort?

Whether the patient can resolve it or needs help from the nurse or other health care professionals

According to Wiedenbach, what is the primary goal of nursing?

Identifying a patient’s need for help

In Wiedenbach’s theory, what is any measure desired by the patient that can restore or extend their ability to cope with life situations affecting health and wellness?

Need for help

On whose perception must the need for help be based, according to Wiedenbach?

The individual patient’s perception of his or her own situation

According to Wiedenbach, who is considered a patient?

Any individual receiving help (care, instruction, or advice) from a health professional or health worker

Is illness required for a person to be considered a patient in Wiedenbach’s theory?

No

What are the four main elements of clinical nursing in Wiedenbach’s theory?

Philosophy, Purpose, Practice, Art

In Wiedenbach’s theory, what is the element in which a nurse’s attitude and belief about life, and how it affects reality for him or her?

The nurse’s philosophy

What are the three essential components of a nursing philosophy according to Wiedenbach?

Reverence for life
Respect for the dignity, worth, autonomy, and individuality of each human being
Resolution to act on personally and professionally held beliefs

What is the term for the procedures and practices performed to respectfully and hygienically care for the body of a deceased person?

Post-mortem care or After-death care

In Wiedenbach’s theory, what is the element in which the nurse wants to accomplish through her actions?

The nurse’s purpose

In Wiedenbach’s theory, which element encompasses all activities directed toward the overall good of the patient?

The nurse’s purpose

In Wiedenbach’s theory, which element consists of the observable nursing actions affected by beliefs and feelings about meeting the patient’s need for help?

The practice of nursing

In Wiedenbach’s theory, which element includes understanding the patient’s needs, developing goals and actions to enhance the patient’s ability, and directing activities related to the medical plan?

The art of nursing

What is the creative and individualized element of nursing according to Wiedenbach’s framework?

The art of nursing

In the art of nursing, what is the nurse’s focus on regarding recurrence or the development of new concerns?

Prevention of complications

How did Wiedenbach view clinical nursing?

A helping profession

According to Wiedenbach, what four things does a nurse use to meet a patient’s need for help?

Sound philosophy
A specific purpose
Professional practice skills
Art of nursing

SAPA

Which theory explains how nurses identify a patient’s need for help and determine actions to meet that need?

Prescriptive Theory

What is the application of the Prescriptive Theory in practice called?

The helping art of clinical nursing

What are the 3 factors of Wiedenbach’s Prescriptive Theory?

Central purpose
Prescription
Realities

Which factor of the Prescriptive Theory is the purpose the practitioner recognizes as essential to the discipline?

The central purpose

Which factor of the Prescriptive Theory is the prescription for fulfilling the central purpose?

The prescription

Which factor of the Prescriptive Theory is the realities in the immediate situation that influence the central purpose?

The realities

In Wiedenbach’s Prescriptive Theory, what does the central purpose represent for the nurse?

The nurse’s personal philosophy and goal

In Wiedenbach’s metaparadigm, which concept is an individual receiving help (care, teaching, or advice) from the healthcare system, regardless of illness?

Person

In the Person concept of Wiedenbach’s metaparadigm, which four parts of clinical nursing are highlighted as integral?

The nurse’s philosophy, purpose, practice, and art

In Wiedenbach’s metaparadigm, which concept is viewed as the restoration or extension of coping abilities?

Health

In Wiedenbach’s metaparadigm, which concept shapes the conditions and circumstances that influence the overall context and dynamics of a situation?

Environment

Which objects are incorporated in the Environment concept of Wiedenbach’s metaparadigm?

Policies
Atmosphere
Time of day
Humans
Occurrences
Setting

PATHOS

In Wiedenbach’s metaparadigm, which concept focuses on understanding the motivating factors influencing nurses in their actions and the context in which they operate?

Nursing

What are the three crucial components of the prescriptive theory in Wiedenbach’s Nursing metaparadigm?

The nurse’s central purpose
Prescription
Realities of the immediate nursing situation