BIOL 121 Lab 1: Introduction to the Human Body Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering Greek/Latin roots, eponyms, anatomical planes, body regions, and cavities from BIOL 121 Lab 1.

Foramina

Latin: holes

Pterygoid

Greek: wing-like

Fossa

Latin: ditch or trench

Ramus

Latin: branch

Meatus

Latin: canal

Dorsal

Latin: back

Clinoid

Derived from Greek (Klinein) and Latin (clinare), meaning sloped as in "inclined"

Schwann Cells

Named for Theodore Schwann, German anatomist ($1810 – 1882$)

Nodes of Ranvier

Named for Louis Ranvier, French physiologist ($1835 – 1922$)

Leydig Cells

Named for Franz Von Leydig, German anatomist ($1821 – 1908$)

Peyer’s Patches

Named for Johann Conrad Peyer, Swiss anatomist ($1653 – 1712$)

Cowper’s Glands

Named for William Cowper, English surgeon ($1666 – 1709$)

Fallopian Tubes

Named for Gabriele Faloppio, Italian anatomist ($1523 – 1590$)

Anatomical Position

A standard body position where the body is erect, facing forward, arms are straight and at the side, palms are facing forward, and legs are straight with feet facing forward

Supine position

Body is lying face up (on the spine)

Prone position

Body is lying face down

PEST of 6

Mnemonic for the 6 Cranial Bones: Parietal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Temporal, Occipital, and Frontal

Carpal bone mnemonic

Stop Letting Those People Touch The Cadaver’s Hand: Scaphoid, Lunate, Tryquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, and Hamate

CLASS (Sutures)

Mnemonic for sutures: Coronal, Lamboid, And, Squamous, Sagittal

Sagittal plane

Slices an object making a left half and a right half

Frontal or Coronal plane

Slices an object into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

Transverse plane

Slices an object into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions; also called cross-sectional or horizontal plane

Oblique plane

Passes through an object at an angle

Body cavities

Spaces within the body that help protect, separate, and support internal organs

Cranial cavity

Formed by cranial bones and contains the brain

Vertebral canal

Formed by the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord and the beginnings of spinal nerves

Thoracic cavity

The chest cavity; contains the pleural and pericardial cavities and the mediastinum

Mediastinum

Anatomic region in the central portion of the thoracic cavity between the medial walls of pleural cavities; contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and large blood vessels

Abdominopelvic cavity

Subdivided into abdominal and pelvic cavities; contains organs such as the stomach, liver, urinary bladder, and internal reproductive organs

Serous Membrane

Double-layered, fluid-filled sac that surrounds organs like the heart and the lungs

Parietal layer

The layer of a serous membrane that lines the wall of the cavities

Visceral layer

The layer of a serous membrane that covers the viscera within the cavities

Pleura

Serous membrane of the pleural cavities (lungs)

Pericardium

Serous membrane of the pericardial cavity (heart)

Peritoneum

Serous membrane of the abdominal cavity

Abdominopelvic Quadrants

Four regions divided by vertical and horizontal lines passing through the umbilicus: RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, and LLQ

Ipsilateral

Directional term meaning on the same side of the body

Proximal

Directional term meaning nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk