Week 13 Terms - Patho

Ablation

a procedure that uses heat or extreme cold to destroy small amounts of diseased tissue in the body.

Affinity

the strength of attraction or binding interaction between two things

Exophthalmos

a protrusion of the eyeballs that sometimes occurs with hyperthyroidism.

Goiter

an enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by follicular epithelial hyperplasia from excessive thyroid hormone exposure.

Hirsutism

a condition of excessive body hair and facial hair.

Hormones

chemical substances, formed in a tissue or organ and carried in the blood, that stimulate or inhibit the growth or function of other tissues or organs.

Polyuria

frequent, large volume urination.

Myxedema

a condition of hyperthyroidism marked by boggy swelling and non-pitting edema, from protein-carbohydrate complexes that accumulate in the extracellular matrix and attract fluid into the tissues.

Striae

scars that form when the skin stretches.

Anuria

kidneys are no longer producing urine causing no urinary output

Chyme

a thick semifluid that forms in the stomach and is composed of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes.

Defecation

the process of stool elimination.

Enuresis

urinary incontinence; inability to voluntarily prevent the discharge of urine.

Flatus

gas that is expelled through the anus.

Haustra

pouches between teniae coli in the large intestine.

Incontinence

the inability of the body to control its functions.

Melena

black stool indicative of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Micturition

process of urine elimination.

Nocturia

frequent urination at night.

Oliguria

reduced urine output.

Peristalsis

rhythmic contractions of circular muscle fibers in hollow organs; promotes forward movement of contents.

Retention

keeping, holding, or maintaining something.

Urgency

the need to urinate immediately.

Nephropathy

deterioration of kidney functions marked by degenerative changes in the kidney small vessels.

Neuropathy

disorder of peripheral nerves causing weakness, numbness, and tingling.

Polydipsia

a state of excessive thirst.

Polyphagia

a state of excessive hunger.

Retinopathy

a problem of degenerative changes in small vessels of the retina (eyes).

Kussmaul Respirations

deep, rapid respirations that present as a compensatory measure to release excess acids through the lungs and into the atmosphere.