Endocrine System and Blood Cells Vocabulary

Flashcards covering endocrine glands, histology, hormones, and blood cell classifications from Quiz 1 review material.

Anterior Pituitary Hormones

Ms.FLATPiG: MSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, Prolactin, GH

Posterior Pituitary Hormones

Hormones made in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland

AntiDiuretic Hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin.

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands that targets bone for calcium homeostasis.

Chief Cells

Principal cells found in the parathyroid gland responsible for secreting PTH

Where is thymosin secreted? And what does it look like under a microscope?

Hormone secreted by the thymus gland.

-looks like a big leaf with big white spots under the microscope

Name the zone of the adrenal cortex

Zona Glomerulosa

-Outer layer of the adrenal cortex

-produces mineralocorticoids, specifically Aldosterone

-SALT

Name the zone of the adrenal cortex and it’s key functions

Zona Fasciculata

-Middle layer of the adrenal cortex

-produces glucocorticoids, specifically Cortisol

-SUGAR

Name the zone of the adrenal cortex and it’s key functions

Zona Reticularis

-Inner layer of the adrenal cortex

-produces gonadocorticoids or sex hormones, specifically Androgen

-SEX

Adrenal Medulla

Inner region of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamines, specifically Epinephrine and Norepinephrine.

Germinal Centers

Follicular structures located within the cortex region of a lymph node.

what is this

Lymph Vessel Valve

Interstitial Cells

Cells located between seminiferous tubules in the testes that secrete testosterone.

Seminiferous Tubules

Tubular structures in the testes responsible for sperm production.

Graafian Follicle

Mature ovarian follicle containing a fluid-filled antrum and an oocyte, responsible for secreting Estrogen and Progesterone.

Corpus Luteum

Endocrine structure formed in the ovary after ovulation that secretes Estrogen and Progesterone.

-yellow bodies

Melatonin

Hormone secreted by the pineal gland.

Granulocytes

Leukocytes containing granules in their cytoplasm, known as 'The Phils': Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils.

Agranulocytes

Leukocytes lacking cytoplasmic granules, known as 'The Cytes': Lymphocytes and Monocytes.

Leukocytes in order from most abundant to least abundant

'Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas': Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils.

Label each side

Left: Anterior Pituitary (darker)

Right: Posterior Pituitary (myelin sheath- clear or white under the microscope)

Label 1, 4 and 5

1: parathyroid (houses next to each other)

4: capsule

5: thyroid (big swimming pools)

What type of cells are the top arrow vs the bottom two arrows? What do they each secrete?

Top arrow: parafollicular cells; they secrete calcitonin

Bottom arrow: follicular cells; they secrete T3 and T4

What do alpha cells secrete and why

Secrete glucagon to increase blood sugar

What do beta cells secrete and when

secrete insulin to decrease blood sugar by bringing it into cells so they can use it

What is this structure and what is produced here

Thyroid

-T3, T4, and calcitonin

Label this

parathyroid gland

oxyphil cells

chief cells

What is the structure and what is the hormone secreted

Structure: Thymus

Hormone: Thymosin

Label this

Left: Pancreatic Islet

Middle: Acini

Right: Pancreatic Islet

Name the following lymph nodes

Around neck: Cervical

Around armpit: Axillary

Around leg: Inguinal

Label the following

Top: Seminiferous tubules

Bottom: Interstitial Cells that secrete testosterone

Label the following regions of the lymph node

1: Region cortex

2: Region medulla

3: Follicles

Label the following

Graafian follicle (antrum)

Label the following and the hormones associated

Oocyte

-Estrogen/Progesterone

Label the following

1) Leukocytes

2) Platelets

3) Erythrocytes

What type of Leukocyte

Neutrophil

What type of Leukocyte

Lymphocyte

What type of Leukocyte

Monocyte

What type of Leukocyte

Eosinophil

What type of Leukocyte

Basophil