BMS 561 OIAN Unit 3

Iliacus

O: superior iliac fossa, internal iliac crest, sacral ala, iliolumbar lig., anterior sacroiliac ligs.

I: lateral psoas major tendon; distal to lesser trochanter

A:

N: femoral L1, 2, 3, 4

Psoas Major

O: lumbar TPs, vertebral bodies and IVDs of T12-L5

I: lesser trochanter of femur

A:

N: lumbar plexus L1, 2, 3, 4

Obturator Internus

O: pelvic surfaces of obturator membrane, surrounding bones (ilium, ischium, pubis)

I: common tendon with superior and inferior gemelli to medial greater trochanter

A: externally rotate hip, abduct hip when hip is flexed

N: nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, 2)

Piriformis

O: internal sacrum, sacrotuberous lig.

I: superior border of greater trochanter of femur

A: externally rotate hip, abduct hip when hip is flexed, assist in hip extension

N: sacral plexus ventral rami (L5, S1, 2)

Coccygeus

O: ischial spine, sacrospinous lig.

I: inferior sacrum, coccyx

A: draws coccyx forward, supports pelvic viscera

N: ventral rami S4,5

Levator Ani (pubococcygeus and puborectalis)

O: pubis, tendinous arch

I: coccyx, anococcygeal raphe, rectum, anal canal, prostate/vagina

A: raises pelvic floor, supports pelvic viscera

N: ventral rami S3, 4

Gracilis

O: inferior pubic ramus and symphysis

I: proximal medial tibia

A: adduct hip, flex and internally rotate knee

N: obturator n. (L2, 3, 4)

Gluteus Maximus

O: posterior gluteal line, posterior lower sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous lig., erector spinae aponeurosis, gluteal aponeurosis

I: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur

A: extend and externally rotate hip, assists in stabilizing knee in flexion through IT band
upper fibers - assist in hip abduction
lower fibers - assist in hip adduction

N: inferior gluteal L5, S1, 2

Gluteus Medius

O: external ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines, and gluteal aponeurosis

I: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

A: abduct hip; (anterior fibers) internal rotation and assist in flexion of hip; (posterior fibers) assist in external rotation and extension of hip

N: superior gluteal n. (L4-S1)

Gluteus Minimus

O: external ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

I: anterior greater trochanter, hip joint capsule

A: abduct and internally rotate hip, assist in hip flexion

N: superior gluteal L4, 5, S1

Superior Gemellus

O: external ischial spine

I: common tendon with obturator internus and inferior gemellus to medial greater trochanter

A: externally rotate hip, assist in hip abduction when hip is flexed

N: sacral plexus ventral rami (L5, S1, 2)

Inferior Gemellus

O: proximal ischial tuberosity

I: common tendon with obturator internus and superior gemellus to medial greater trochanter

A: externally rotate hip, assist in hip abduction when hip is flexed

N: sacral plexus ventral rami (L4, 5, S1, 2)

Obturator Externus

O: pubic and ischial rami, external obturator membrane

I: trochanteric fossa of femur

A: externally rotate hip, assist in hip adduction

N: obturator n. (L2, 3, 4)

Quadratus Femoris

O: proximal lateral ischial tuberosity

I: proximal quadrate line of femur

A: externally rotate hip

N: sacral plexus ventral rami (L4, 5, S1, 2)

Sartorius

O: ASIS, superior notch between ASIS and AIIS

I: proximal anteromedial tibia

A: flex, abduct, and externally rotate hip, flex and assist in IR of knee

N: femoral n. (L2, 3, 4)

Rectus Femoris

O: AIIS, groove above rim of acetabulum on ilium

I: patellar base to tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.

A: flex hip, extend knee

N: femoral n. (L2, 3, 4)

Vastus Medialis

O: distal intertrochanteric line, medial linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge, tendons of adductor longus and magnus, and medial intermuscular septum

I: patellar base to tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.

A: extend knee

N: femoral n. (L2, 3, 4)

Vastus Intermedius

O: lateral intermuscular septum, anterior and lateral proximal femur, distal linea aspera

I: patellar base to tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.

A: extend knee

N: femoral n. (L2, 3, 4)

Vastus Lateralis

O: proximal intertrochanteric line, greater trochanteric, gluteal tuberosity, proximal lateral linea aspera, lateral intermuscular septum

I: patellar base to tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.

A: extend knee

N: femoral n. (L2, 3, 4)

Articularis Genus

O:anterior distal femur

I: suprapatellar bursa

A: draws articular capsule proximally

N: femoral n. L2, 3, 4

Iliopsoas

O: Psoas Major portion - Lumbar TPs, vertebral bodies and IVDs of T12-L5.
Iliacus portion - superior 2/3 of the Iliac fossa, lip of iliac crest, iliolumbar and anterior sacroiliac ligaments, and ala of the sacrum.

I: Psoas Major portion - lesser trochanter of the femur
Iliacus portion - lateral side of the tendon of the Psoas Major and just distal to the lesser trochanter

A: Origin fixed - flexion, external rotation, and abduction of hip.
Insertion fixed - (acting bilaterally) trunk flexion but increases lumbar lordosis; (acting unilaterally) lateral flexion of the trunk

N: lumbar plexus L1, 2, 3, 4
femoral L1, 2, 3, 4

Pectineus

O: superior pubic ramus

I: pectineal line of femur

A: adduct and flex hip

N: femoral n. and sometimes also obturator n. (L2, 3, 4)

Adductor Longus

O: anterior junction of pubic crest and symphysis

I: medial linea aspera

A: adduct and flex hip

N: obturator n. (L2, 3, 4)

Adductor Brevis

O: inferior pubic ramus

I: proximal medial linea aspera, distal pectineal line of femur

A: adduct and flex hip

N: obturator n. (L2, 3, 4)

Adductor Magnus

O: inferior pubic ramus, (ant.) ischial ramus, (post.) ischial tuberosity

I: middle linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge, adductor tubercle of femur

A: adduct hip, (ant.) assist flex hip, (post.) assist extend hip

N: obturator n. (L2, 3, 4) tibial n. (L4, 5, S1)

Tensor Fascia Latae

O: anterior external iliac crest, outer anterosuperior iliac spine, deep fascia lata

I: iliotibial tract

A: flex, abduct, and internally rotate hip, tense fascia lata, assist in knee extension

N: superior gluteal L4, 5, S1

Semitendinosus

O: ischial tuberosity via common tendon with biceps femoris long head

I: proximal medial tibia, deep fascia of leg

A: flex and internally rotate knee, extend hip, assist in internal rotation of hip

N: tibial L4, 5, S1, 2

Semimembranosus

O: ischial tuberosity

I: posteromedial tibial medial condyle

A: flex and internally rotate knee, extend hip, assist in internal rotation of hip

N: tibial L4, 5, S1, 2

Biceps Femoris

O: long head - posterior ischial tuberosity, distal sacrotuberous lig.
short head - lateral linea aspera, proximal supracondylar ridge, lateral intermuscular septum

I: lateral fibular head, lateral tibial condyle, lateral deep fascia of leg

A: flex and externally rotate knee
long head - extend hip, assist in external rotation of hip

N: long head - tibial L5, S1, 2, 3
short head - common fibular L5, S1, 2

Gastrocnemius

O: medial head - medial condyle of femur, knee joint capsule
lateral head - lateral condyle of femur, knee joint capsule

I: middle posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

A: flex knee, plantarflex ankle

N: L4, 5, S1, 2

Plantaris

O: distal lateral supracondylar ridge of femur, lateral popliteal surface, oblique popliteal lig.

I: posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

A: plantarflex knee, assist in knee flexion

N: tibial L4, 5, S1, 2

Soleus

O: posterior fibular head, proximal fibula, soleal line, medial tibia, tendinous arch between tibia and fibula

I: posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

A: plantarflex ankle

N: tibial L5, S1, 2

Popliteus

O: anterior groove of lateral condyle of femur, oblique popliteal lig.

I: triangular area proximal to soleal line of tibia

A: flex knee, reinforces posterior ligs. of knee
origin fixed (NWB) - internally rotate tibia on femur
insertion fixed (WB) - externally rotate femur on tibia

N: tibial L4, 5, S1

Flexor Digitorum Longus

O:

I:

A:

N:

Tibialis Posterior

O:

I:

A:

N:

Flexor Hallucis Longus

O:

I:

A:

N:

Fibularis Longus

O:

I:

A:

N:

Fibularis Brevis

O:

I:

A:

N:

Tibialis Anterior

O:

I:

A:

N:

Extensor Hallucis Longus

O:

I:

A:

N:

Extensor Digitorum Longus

O:

I:

A:

N:

Fibularis Tertius

O:

I:

A:

N:

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

O:

I:

A:

N:

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

O:

I:

A:

N:

Abductor Hallucis

O:

I:

A:

N:

Abductor Digiti Minimi

O:

I:

A:

N:

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

O:

I:

A:

N:

Quadratus Plantae

O:

I:

A:

N:

Lumbricals of foot

O:

I:

A:

N:

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

O:

I:

A:

N:

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

O:

I:

A:

N:

Adductor Hallucis

O:

I:

A:

N:

Plantar Interossei of foot

O:

I:

A:

N:

Dorsal Interossei of foot

O:

I:

A:

N: