Chemistry

key terms

what is the atomic number

the number of protouns in the atom

what is a Mass number

the total number of protons and neutrons found in an atom.

what are protouns

a positively charged subatomic particle found in the nuclus

what are neutron

a subatomic particle found in the nuclus with no charge

what are elctrons

a subatomic particle found in the nuclus with a negative charge

what is a valence elctron/valence shell

the electrons located in the outer most shell of an atom

what is electron congfiguration

the distubrations of an atoms electrons in a specific atomic orbits or engery levels

what is a cation

a positively charged ion. It forms when an atom gains one or more elctron

what is a Anion

a negetivly charged ion. It froms when an atom loses one or more electron

what is a octet rule

A principle stating that a main group elements tend to gain or share atoms so they have eight valent electrons in their outer shell

electron transfer

a chemical process where electrons move from one atom/ion/molecule to another

what is a Ionic bond

a type of chemical link fromed through the electromic attraction between oppositely charged ions

what is electrostaic attraction

the non-contact froce the pulls together objects or particles with opposite electraicl charges

what is Crystal lattice

a repeating,three dimensional geometric arrangement of atoms,ion and molecules in a crystalline solid

what is the law of conversation of mass

mass is neither created or destroyed during a chemical reaction or phsical change

what are reactants

the starting materails or ingerdinats persent before the reaction takes place

what are products

the new substance formed as a result of the chemcial change

what is a Combustion reaction

A fast chemcial process where a a fuel reacts with a aoixdant and releases engery as heat and light

what is a open system

excahnges both open and matter and engery with its sourounding

what is a closed system

exchanges engery only while keeping the amount of matter consant