AP GOV

"Extend the sphere, and you take in a greater variety of parties and interests; you make it less probable that a majority of the whole will have a common motive to invade the rights of other citizens; or if such a common motive exists, it will be more difficult for all who feel it to discover their own strength, and to act in unison with each. What is the document ? Who are the authors? What year was it written? What document is it ? Main point?

constitution, 1787, 55 delegates + Janes Madison stronger federal gov. w/ 3 branches

"This govemment is to possess absolute and uncontrollable power, legislative, executive and judicial, with respect to every object to which it extends,.. "that the Congress shall have power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution, in the government of the United States; or in any department of office. What author? what document?What year was it written? What document is it ? Main point ?

Brutus No. 1

✔ 1787

✔ Usually attributed to Robert Yates

✔ Warned that the Constitution gave too much power to the national government and threatened liberty

"It may be a reflection on human nature, that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. But what is goverment itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? ... In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself."

• fed 51

  1788

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  James Madison

Checks and balances / separation of powers to prevent tyranny

"That whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to affect their safety and

Declaration of Independence

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  1776

Thomas Jefferson

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  Government exists to protect natural rights; people can overthrow governments that violate them

"Extend the sphere, and you take in a greater variety of parties and interests; you make it less probable that a majority of the whole will have a common motive to invade the rights of other citizens; or if such a common motive exists, it will be more difficult for all who feel it to discover their own strength, and to act in unison with eachothe

Federalist 10

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  1787

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  James Madison

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  Large republic controls factions

"That this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."

Gettysburg Address

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  1863

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  Abraham Lincoln

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  Democracy, national unity, and preserving the Union

"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted."

— Bill of Rights

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  The quote is specifically from the 8th Amendment, but the document is usually identified as the Bill of Rights (1791) rather than 1789.

• James Madison proposed the amendments, but they became law in 1791. (USA

"In its foundation it is federal, not national; in the sources from which the ordinary powers of the government are drawn, it is partly federal and partly national; in the operation of these powers, it is national, not federal; in extent of them, again, it is federal, not national..."

H — Federalist 39

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  1788

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  James Madison

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  Constitution creates a government that is partly national and partly federal

No State shall be represented in Congress by less than two, nor more than seven members; and no person shall be capable of being a delegate for more than three years in any term of six years; nor shall any person, being a delegate, be capable of holding any office under the United States, for which he, or another for his benefit, receives any salary, fees or emolument of any kind."

— Articles of Confederation

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  1777

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  John Dickinson

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  Weak central government / strong states