3.6 AI summary

The __________ approach to decision making involves minimal patient input, with the healthcare professional making all decisions.

paternalistic

In the paternalistic approach, the final decision is based on the __________.

healthcare professional

The __________ approach gives patients full decision-making power after receiving information from healthcare professionals.

informed patient

In the informed patient model, the __________ deliberates independently using the information provided.

patient

The shared decision-making model combines the expertise of the clinician with the __________ of the patient.

preferences and values

Shared decision making is ideally used when the treatment __________ and __________ are equivocal.

benefits, risks

Effective shared decision making requires efficient and effective __________ between clinician and patient.

communication

In the information exchange phase, clinicians must provide data that is __________ and __________.

objective, unbiased

Measures such as likelihood ratio, number needed to treat (NNT), and number needed to harm (NNH) help quantify __________ and __________.

benefits, risks

The deliberation phase allows the clinician to understand the patient's __________ and __________.

values, preferences

A key benefit of shared decision making is that it __________ patients and increases engagement in their own care.

empowers

During deliberation, clinicians should show __________ when patient values differ from their own.

empathy

Patient decision aids and conversation aids are examples of __________ that assist in shared decision making.

tools

One example of a patient decision aid is a __________ checklist for lipid-lowering therapy.

discussion

Visual tools, such as smiley-face diagrams, help explain absolute risk reduction and the concept of __________.

number needed to treat

When sharing recommendations, clinicians should put advice in the context of the patient's __________.

wishes and values

Pharmacy informatics in shared decision making focuses on providing objective information about __________ and __________.

risks, benefits

When engaging other healthcare professionals, pharmacists should tailor communication to the colleague's preferred __________ style.

communication

In multidisciplinary settings, pharmacists contribute by providing data on relative __________ and __________ of treatments.

risks, benefits

The final step in shared decision making is reaching a __________ where both parties are comfortable.

joint decision