OAE Study Terms

I-Chart

Inquiry Chart to organize notes

Synthesize

combine ideas/information from multiple sources

**To effectively teach students the research process, teachers should use a combination of

modeling, direct instruction, and examples

Copyright

• The exclusive rights to an item given to the creator

  • This is a legal protection.

Attribution

acknowledging the owner of a work

Fair Use

Use of copyrighted material within certain legal limits

Licenses

ways in which one can use copyrighted materials

Open Sources

Works meant to be shared freely with the world

Liability

being legally responsible for something

MLA stands for?

Modern Language Association

Rules for Communicating in Classroom

1. Model the steps

2. Show what to do + what NOT to do 

3. Show example of the final product

4. Post directions or handout with steps

Intrinsic Motivation

motivated from within; a deeper desire to draw motivation from learning process

Extrinsic Motivation

comes from outside factors; wanting to do well in school so you get icecream

Scaffolding

providing temporary support to help students achieve a task

Epic Poem

a long, narrative poem featuring a hero on a journey while performing extraordinary acts

Sestina Poem

a poem with six stanzas with six lines and a triplet at the very end

Ballad Poem

ABCB or ABAB rhyming stanzas as part of a longer poem

Volta

the turning point of a poem

Mock Epic

a poem that pokes fun at heroes and literature that features them

Anapest

indicates a unstressed, unstressed, stressed syllable pattern

Tone

the author's attitude or feelings toward the subject, characters, or audience, conveyed through their choice of words, style, and perspective

Lyric Poem

a poem that conveys feelings or emotions through imagery and figurative language

Acrostic Poem

poems in which the first letter of each line of text spells a word

Iambic

indicates a unstressed, stressed syllable pattern

Meter (when reading)

the repetition or the stressing of words or phrases

Rhyme Scheme

the pattern of end rhyme in a stanza or poem

Imagist Movement

a reaction against Romanticism, encouraged reliance on visual imagery

Free Verse

lacks any pattern; can be about anything

Stanza

lines chunked together in a poem, similar to a paragraph in prose

Trochaic

indicates a stressed, unstressed syllable pattern (DUM-da)

Figurative Language

a word or phrase that does not have its normal everyday, literal meaning (ex: hyperbole)

Cinquain

a poetic form that follows a strict five-line syllabic pattern

Theme

the central idea, message, or underlying meaning that a literary text explores

Blank Verse

unrhymed poetic lines in an unstressed, stressed syllable pattern

Limerick

humorous five line poems with a consistent AABBA rhyme scheme

Haiku

short, three line poems usually written about nature (5-7-5 syllable pattern)

Symbolism

an object stands for an idea or a greater meaning

Quatrain

Four-line stanzas with a set rhyme scheme

Villanelle

19 line poem with five tercets and a quatrain in a fixed verse form

Quintet

A five-line stanza (like a limerick)

Sonnets

a fourteen line stanza with a specific rhyme scheme

Foot

a metrical unit composed of both stressed and unstressed syllables

Dactyl

indicates a stressed, unstressed, unstressed syllable pattern (DAH-da-da)

FAB-u-lous

Shakespearean (English) Sonnet

three quatrains and a couplet

Couplet

two lines that rhyme

Petrarchan (Italian) Sonnet

14 line poem in which the last words in the first, fourth, fifth, and eighth lines rhyme

Trochaic Tetrameter

consists of stressed syllables followed by unstressed syllables

504 Plan

• required by Rehabilitation Act

• provides accommodations

• for people with disabilities

• focuses on HOW student is learning

FERPA

FERPA–Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

ensures services for students with 1 or more of 13 listed disabilities; it is sometimes also known as Exceptional Student Education (ESE). 

IDEA vs Section 504

An IEP under IDEA provides specialized instruction and services for students in specific disability categories, while a 504 plan offers accommodations for a broader range of impairments that significantly affect daily life, even if the student does not qualify for an IEP. 

Because every family is different, teachers need a variety of strategies rather than a single approach. The following strategies help build effective partnerships.

• Communicate clearly and often - 

• Learn from families - 

• Keep families informed about the classroom - 

• Invite meaningful participation -

• Connect families to resources - 

• Build trust and treat families as partners - 

Professional Development

refers to the pursuit of continued training and education to enhance a career.

Present Levels of Academic Achievement and Functional Performance (PLAAFP)-

describes the child's current skills and abilities and how his disability may impact his ability to learn. Used during the IEP process.

Response to Intervention (RTI)

a process to monitor and measure student progress in the general education curriculum after instructional intervention is provided

Example

small group pull-out, tutoring

Review of Existing Data (REED)

a mandated review of all existing evaluation data including the initial evaluation, any re-evaluations, classroom observations, and standardized testing to determine if dismissal of services is necessary

Procedural Safegaurds

the rights of parents of students with disabilities, noting specifically these things: student discipline, change of placement, behavior, restraint, and confinement

Example

Notification of discipline Notification of change of schedule

Child Find

a legal requirement that schools evaluate any child that it suspects may have a disability and who may be entitled to special education services

Mandated Reporter

an individual who is legally required to report suspected cases of child abuse or neglect to the appropriate authorities, such as child protective services or law enforcement

Peer Mentor/Coaches

other teachers that work to help improve a teacher's best practice

Fair Use

a legal doctrine that allows limited use of copyrighted material without the owner's permission under certain conditions

Exceptional Student Education (ESE)

The services offered at schools to children with disabilities. Helps each child with a disability progress in school and prepare for life after school. ESE services include specially designed instruction to meet the unique needs of the child.

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)

a federal law that protects the confidentiality of students and their records; Safeguards student educational records kept by schools, including grades and attendance and discipline records

LRE

the classroom or setting where the child can be successful, with or without accommodations, and with typical age/grade level peers

Local Education Agency (LEA)

the education agency responsible for the school

SMART

specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound

Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)

an educational right of all children to receive instruction tailored to their needs at no cost to their family by the local education agency (LEA)

Due Process

the use of procedural safeguards to ensure that decisions are fair and not arbitrary

Section 504 of The Rehabilitation Act of 1973

students who do not have a disability that is severe enough to qualify for an IEP can fall under 504. These students can perform on grade level with supportive accommodations.

Professional Development

activities, opportunities, and strategies undertaken by individuals to enhance their skills, knowledge, and capabilities in their field or profession, enabling ongoing growth, advancement, and career fulfillment

Individualized Education Program (IEP)

legally mandated, customized educational plan developed for students with disabilities in the United States, outlining specific learning goals, services, accommodations, and supports needed to meet their unique educational needs

Literary Periods

broad periods in which literature shares similar themes and elements due to historical context

Literary Movements

groups of authors who share similar goals or worldviews and often express them with common-style choices

Old English Themes (think beowulf)

epic poetry

christianity

heroism

Middle English Themes

Christianity

Journeys

Romance and adventure

English Renaissance Themes

drama

focuses on human character emotions

The Enlightenment Themes

classical

logic over superstition

questioning of authority

Emily Dickinson

An American poet who wrote serious, emotional works in a traditional ballad format with set rhyme schemes in the 1800s. Most of her works were not published until after her death, were untitled, and are referred to by their first lines. Some of her most noted poems include, "Because I could not stop for death" and "I heard a fly buzz--when I died."

Robert Frost

An American poet who had a clear, simple word choice he infused with set rhythms and meters from the late 1800s to the early 1900s. His most famous poems include, "Birches," and "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening."

Nikki Giovanni

A contemporary, well-known African-American poet, writer, and activist who continues to write and teach. She gained notoriety in the 1960s writing during the Black Arts Movement. Her most well-known poems include, "Love Is," and "Choices."

John Keats

An English poet who was one of the dominant voices in the Romanticism movement near the end of the 18th century. His most famous works include: "Ode to a Nightingale," "Endymion," and "To Autumn."

Rudyard Kipling

An English writer who provided a commentary on the political climate in Europe from the late 1800s to the early 1900s. While he wrote the famous poems "Mandalay" and "Gunga Din," he is more well-known for authoring the novel "The Jungle Book."

Walt Whitman

An American poet who wrote free verse poetry as part of the humanist tradition in the 1800s. His most famous poetry book was entitled "Leaves of Grass."

Comparitive Analysis

students analyze the qualities of stories from across different cultures

Multimodal Projects

students create projects that incorporate spoken narratives along with visual elements, music, or dance

Contemporary Literature

written after 1945

American Neutralist Period

era of American literature from 1900 - World War I; featured a grim view of life, lack of free will, and scientific influence

Gothic Literary Movement

took place during American Romantic Period, a pessimistic approach to human emotions; writers wrote of humanity's sins, villainy, and hopelessness; Gothic writing featured horror and the supernatural

Modernism

literary movement that called for a break from traditional values and style, and concentrating on the interior life of characters; often used stream of consciousness

The Early National Period

era of American Literature during the development of the United States; featured exploration of the new American identity and narratives of enslaved Africans (1775-1828)

Transcendentalism

literary movement of the American Romantic Period in which authors embraced idealism, nature, and rejected materialism

English Renaissance Period

era of English literature situated during the reign of Elizabeth I, famous for drama (plays) and a focus on human character (1550-1660)

Colonial Literary Period

era of American literature during the founding of the English colonies and The Great Awakening (1600-1765); explored historical, practical, and religious themes

Harlem Renaissance

literary movement based in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City in the 1920s and 30s which celebrated the African-American experience; featured new ideas, freedoms, and a break from racial stereotypes

Chicana / Chicano Literature

literary movement comprised of Mexican-American authors writing about the Mexican-American experience; this literature has gained prominence since the 1960s

Example

The House on Mango Street

Revolutionary Age

era of American literature during the American Revolution; featured political writing and themes of reason, inquiry, individualism, and liberty (1765-1790)

Neoclassical Era

era of British literature characterized by an interest in classical themes, logic over superstition, as well as satire (1660-1785) (a.k.a. "The Enlightenment")

Literary Archetype

image, character, or set of circumstances occurring often enough across cultural and historical divisions to be considered universal

Puritanism

Puritans wanted to purify the Church of England and create a more direct relationship with God; their writing reflected simplicity, predestination, and a deep spirituality

Old English Period

era of English literature written in Old English featuring poetry with Christian and heroic themes; the early era of medieval literature in England (500-1066)