Week 5 Ch 11: Vitamins for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands

rapid cellular turnover rate, constant assault by mo’s, trauma-intense environment

why is the oral cavity the site of systemic disease manifestation?

thiamin (B1)

crucial for normal functioning of the brain, nerves, muscles and heart; energy transformation; coenzyme in synthesis of niacin

1.1-1.2mg/day

what is rda of thiamin (B1)?

sources - thiamin (B1)

enriched breads, cereals, pasta, meats - pork

beriberi

peripheral neuropathy and muscle wasting; cardiovascular symptoms include tachycardia and enlarged heart

wernike-korsakoff syndrome

mental confusion; nystagmus (rapid movement of eyeball); ataxia (gait with uncoordinated muscle movements)

riboflavin (B2)

deficiencies in angular cheilitis, glossitis, dermatitis, anemia; supports healthy skin and eyes - helps maintain oral tissues

1.1-1.3mg/day

what is rda for riboflavin (B2)?

sources - riboflavin (B2)

milk and milk products

niacin (B3)

deficiencies - pellagra, painful stomatitis, glossitis, scarlet tongue, loss/atrophy of lingual papillae; helps metabolize fats, carbs, proteins

14-16mg/day

what is rda for niacin (B3)?

5mg

what is rda for B5?

pantothenic acid (B5)

rare deficiencies bc distributed in foods - animal sources and whole grains; component of coenzyme A; no distinct oral deficiency sign

pyridoxine (B6)

deficiencies - glossitis, impaired immune response; “protein + protection”; main source from meat, poultry and fish

1.1-1.7mg/day

what is rda for vit B6

folate (folic acid)

deficiencies - increased risk of neural tube defects in pregnancy, excessive intake can cause kidney damage; “formation”; sources from leafy greens

400-600ug/day

what is rda for folic acid?

vitamin B12 (cobalamin)

deficiencies - children can have stunted growth, glossitis with painful lesions on ventral side, bright-red tongue, burning/painful tongue; “blood + brain + burning tongue”; essential for rbc formation and DNA synthesis/formation; sources - meats

2.4ug/day

what is rda for b12?

biotin (B7)

rare deficiencies but hypo can lead to pallor of mucosa/tongue - can resemble geographic tongue; sources - egg yolk, organ meats and fish; maintains healthy hair, skin and nails and metabolic homeostasis

vitamin C

improving the host defense mechanism; role in collagen formation and optimal wound healing

vitamin A

maintaining integrity of epithelial tissues; deficiency produces squamous metaplasia with keratin production in the duct cells of salivary glands which results in decreased salivary secretion and xerostomia; oral and oropharyngeal cancers have been associated with this deficiency

vitamin E

no specific oral deficiencies; low levels associated with decline in physical function; antioxidant; rda -15mg

700-900ug

what is rda for vitamin A?