Progressive Era Review

13th Amendment (Abolition Amendment)

Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude (Passed Jan 31st 1865)

14th Amendment

Established national and birthright citizenship, path the citizenship, due process, equal protection under the law

15th Amendment

Prohibits the federal government and the states from denying the right to vote based off of race, color, or previous servitude

16th Amendment (income tax amendment)

Gave congress the power to collect a federal income tax

17th Amendment

Shifted the choice of U.S. senators from the state legislators to direct popular vote

18th Amendment

Prohibition- bans the sale & consumption of alcohol

19th Amendment (Susan B. Anthony Amendment)

Giving women the right to vote

20th Amendment (Lame Duck Amendment)

Changed the beginning and ending of presidential and vice president term from March 4th to January 20th. (Jan 3rd for Congress)

21st Amendment (Repeal of Prohibition)

Repealed the 18th amendment

Bull Moose Party/ Progressive Party

Advocated for "New Nationalism", which included women's suffrage, the direct election of U.S. Senators, minimum wage laws, the prohibition of child labor, and stricter regulation of large corporate trusts.

Teddy Roosevelt (Trust Buster)

Bull Moose Party/ Progressive Party, Conservationist, trust busted 40 cases Assassination attempt made on him, republican

William “Bill” Taft

Trust busted 80 cases, “trusts are trusts” - no difference between good and bad tariffs, handpicked by Roosevelt (did not actually want to be president), republican

Wanted to be in the Supreme Court Justice

Payne-Aldrich Tariffs  →Taft, this is considered a failure

Dollar Diplomacy

foreign policy strategy that uses economic investments and loans instead of military force to expand a nation's global influence and secure political goals

New Nationalism

Business regulation, welfare laws, workplace protection for women and children, income and inheritance, taxes, and voting reform

Woodrow Wilson

Moral Diplomacy, president of Princeton University (only president with a PhD), 19 amendment, democrat, Federal Reserve bank

Upton Sinclair

The Jungle, Meat inspection act, Pure food and Drug act

Robert M. La Follette

progressive reform politician, introduced a new way of running state government, served in the Senate, born in Wisconsin, Governor of Wisconsin

Plessy v. Ferguson

Homer P. Argued his right to “equal protection of the laws” was violated by the Louisiana law that required separate seating for white and black citizens.

“Separate but Equal”

“Overturned by Brown v. Board”

NAWSA (National American Women Suffrage Association)

Veteran leaders of the suffrage movement, including Anthony Stanton, and Lucy Stone, were joined by younger leaders in forming this

Suffragists

People who want suffrage

Suffrage

Legal right to vote

Anti-suffrage argument

“women would become too masculine if they got the right to vote”

Civil Disobedience

People who will not obey the law but without violence

Social Welfare Programs

Helped ensure a minimal standard of living

Conservationists

People that want to conserve the natural environment (reason we have national parks)

Initiative

Citizens can be proposed a new law directly on the ballot in the next election by collecting voter’s signitures on a petition

Recall

The procedure that permits voters to remove public officials from office before the next election

Referendum

A process that allows citizens to approve or reject a law passed by legislature

Direct Primary

An election in which citizens vote to select nominees for upcoming elections

Susan B. Anthony

advocacy for gender equality and the right to vote, co-founded NAWSA, equal pay, women's property rights, and broader social reforms

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

President of NAWSA, She campaigned beyond voting rights for married women's property, wage, and custody rights, as well as liberalized divorce laws

Hull House

trains you for a job, language, or cooking skills, created social and cultural events for the community, located in Chicago

Jane Addams

philanthropist that wanted to help people with her money so she created the hull house with Ellen Starr, Believed women and men should only work eight hours a day; fought against child labor

Ellen Starr

prominent American social reformer, activist, and pioneer of the Progressive Era, was a radical force who helped shape modern social work, labor rights, and community-based education

Reformer’s Goal

use the power of government to fix the social, political, and economic problems caused by rapid industrialization and urbanization

Why was Galveston, Texas important?

a hurricane showed they needed changes in how they ran the gov., commission form of city government

What stopped the progressive movement?

Money stopped being funded for the progressive movement so they could fund WW1

Payne-Alrich Tariffs

a 1909 federal law passed by the U.S. Congress and signed by President William Howard Taft that made minor downward revisions to overall tariff rates while raising rates on hundreds of other imports

Taft, highest tariffs at the time, slowed trade, this is considered a failure

He largely loses the  support of his R party and other Conservative members. 

Booker T. Washington

wanted to make changes through vocational training and economic opportunities that would bring

Vocational education →wait for acceptance

W.E.B. DuBois

wanted immediate actions through Civil Rights for all blacks and saw this through higher education. 

Higher education →wanted acceptance immediately

Federal Reserve bank

replacing a fragile, rigid banking structure with a stable, elastic national framework

How did the progressive era expand the role of the government?

Regulations

exp:

16th amendment

meat inspection act

food and drug act

process to become a voter

Governments main focus during the progressive era

Corruption & Poverty

Sherman Anti-trust act

Temperance movement

NO drinking, keep the family together.

1890-1920

Progressive era time