PHYSICS EQUATIONS

Formula for Speed

$$s = \frac{d}{t}$$

Formula for Average Speed

$$\text{Average speed} = \frac{\text{total distance}}{\text{total time}}$$

Formula for Acceleration

$$a = \frac{v - u}{t}$$

Formula for Weight

$$W = m \times g$$

Formula for Density

$$\rho = \frac{m}{V}$$

Formula for Moment of a Force

$$\text{Moment} = F \times d$$

Principle of Moments (in equilibrium)

$$\text{Clockwise moments} = \text{Anticlockwise moments}$$

Hooke's Law Formula

$$F = k \times x$$

Formula for Work Done

$$W = F \times d$$

Formula for Kinetic Energy

$$E_k = \frac{1}{2} m v^2$$

Formula for Gravitational Potential Energy

$$E_p = m g h$$

Formula for Energy Efficiency

$$\text{Efficiency} = \frac{\text{Useful energy output}}{\text{Total energy input}} \times 100\%$$

Formula for Power Efficiency

$$\text{Efficiency} = \frac{\text{Useful power output}}{\text{Total power input}} \times 100\%$$

Formula for Power using Work

$$P = \frac{W}{t}$$

Formula for Power using Energy

$$P = \frac{E}{t}$$

Formula for Momentum

$$p = m \times v$$

Law of Conservation of Momentum Equation

$$m_1 u_1 + m_2 u_2 = m_1 v_1 + m_2 v_2$$

Formula for Solid Pressure

$$P = \frac{F}{A}$$

Formula for Liquid Pressure

$$p = \rho g h$$

Boyle's Law Formula

$$P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2$$

Charles's Law Formula

$$\frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2}$$

Combined Gas Law Formula

$$\frac{P_1 V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2 V_2}{T_2}$$

Formula for Thermal Energy

$$E = m c \Delta T$$

Formula for Specific Heat Capacity

$$Q = m c \Delta \theta$$

Formula for Specific Latent Heat

$$Q = m \times L$$

Formula for Wave Speed

$$v = f \times \lambda$$

Formula for Refractive Index using Speed of Light

$$n = \frac{c}{v}$$

Formula for Frequency

$$f = \frac{1}{T}$$

Snell's Law for Refractive Index

$$n = \frac{\sin(i)}{\sin(r)}$$

Formula for Electric Charge

$$Q = I \times t$$

Formula for Potential Difference

$$V = \frac{W}{Q}$$

Formula for Electrical Resistance

$$R = \frac{V}{I}$$

Ohm's Law Formula

$$V = I \times R$$

Formula for Electrical Power using Voltage and Current

$$P = I \times V$$

Formula for Electrical Power using Current and Resistance

$$P = I^2 \times R$$

Formula for Electrical Power using Voltage and Resistance

$$P = \frac{V^2}{R}$$

Formula for Electrical Energy using Power and Time

$$E = P \times t$$

Formula for Electrical Energy using Current, Voltage, and Time

$$E = I V t$$

Formula for Electrical Energy using Charge and Voltage

$$E = Q \times V$$

Current in a Series Circuit

$$I_1 = I_2 = I_3$$

Potential Difference in a Series Circuit

$$V_{\text{total}} = V_1 + V_2 + V_3$$

Total Resistance in a Series Circuit

$$R_{\text{total}} = R_1 + R_2 + R_3$$

Current in a Parallel Circuit

$$I = I_1 + I_2 + I_3$$

Potential Difference in a Parallel Circuit

$$V_{\text{total}} = V_1 = V_2 = V_3$$

Total Resistance in a Parallel Circuit

$$\frac{1}{R_{\text{total}}} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2} + \frac{1}{R_3}$$

Transformer Voltage and Turns Ratio Equation

$$\frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s}$$

100% Efficient Transformer Power Equation

$$V_p I_p = V_s I_s$$

Formula for Resistance of a Wire using Resistivity

$$R = \frac{\rho \times L}{A}$$

Mass-Energy Equivalence Formula

$$E = m c^2$$

Symbol for an Alpha Particle

$$\alpha = \text{}^4_2\text{He}$$

Symbol for a Beta Particle

$$\beta = \text{}^0_{-1}\text{e}$$

Symbol for a Gamma Ray

$$\gamma = \text{}^0_0\gamma$$

Symbol for a Neutron

$$\text{n} = \text{}^1_0\text{n}$$

Formula for Average Orbital Speed

$$v = \frac{2 \pi r}{T}$$

Value of 1 Light Year in Meters

$$9.5 \times 10^{15}\,\text{m}$$

Hubble's Law Formula

$v = H_0 \times d$ (where $H_0 = 2.2 \times 10^{-18}\,\text{s}^{-1}$)

Magnitude of Charge on an Electron

$$1.6 \times 10^{-19}\,\text{C}$$

Fleming's Right-Hand Rule — Thumb Direction

Direction of Motion / Force

Fleming's Right-Hand Rule — First Finger Direction

Direction of Magnetic Field

Fleming's Right-Hand Rule — Second Finger Direction

Direction of Induced Current