Muscle Exam Practice: Upper and Lower Extremity Origins and Insertions

A set of 40 vocabulary flashcards detailing the anatomical origins and insertions of upper and lower extremity muscles from the Muscle Exam Practice Sheet.

Pectoralis minor

An upper extremity muscle originating at the $3^{\text{rd}}$ to $5^{\text{th}}$ ribs and inserting at the coracoid process of scapula.

Serratus anterior

An upper extremity muscle originating at the upper $9$ ribs and inserting at the vertebral border of scapula.

Levator scapulae

An upper extremity muscle originating at the transverse processes of first $4$ cervical vertebrae and inserting at the vertebral border of scapula.

Rhomboids (major and minor)

Upper extremity muscles originating at the spines of vertebrae C7-T5 and inserting at the vertebral border of scapula.

Trapezius

An upper extremity muscle originating at the external occipital protuberance, all $7$ cervical and $12$ thoracic spinous processes, and inserting at the spine of scapula, acromion process, and lateral $1.3$ of posterior clavicle.

Pectoralis major

An upper extremity muscle originating at the $2^{\text{nd}}$ to $6^{\text{th}}$ ribs, sternum, and medial half of clavicle, and inserting inferior to greater tuberosity of humerus in area of surgical neck.

Coracobrachialis

An upper extremity muscle originating at the coracoid process of scapula and inserting at the middle $\frac{1}{3}$ of medial aspect of humerus.

Biceps brachii (long head)

An upper extremity muscle originating at the supraglenoid tubercle and inserting at the radial tuberosity.

Subscapularis

An upper extremity muscle originating at the subscapular fossa and inserting at the lesser tuberosity of humerus.

Deltoid

An upper extremity muscle originating at the lateral $\frac{1}{3}$ of anterior border of clavicle and inserting at the deltoid tubercle.

Supraspinatus

An upper extremity muscle originating at the supraspinatus fossa of the scapula and inserting at the proximal facet of greater tuberosity of humerus.

Infraspinatus

An upper extremity muscle originating at the infraspinatus fossa of spine of scapula and inserting at the middle facet of greater tuberosity of humerus.

Teres minor

An upper extremity muscle originating at the upper $\frac{2}{3}$ of lateral border of scapula and inserting at the distal facet of greater tuberosity of humerus.

Latissimus dorsi

An upper extremity muscle originating at the spinous processes of lower $6$ thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, ilium, lower $3$ ribs, and inferior angle of scapula, and inserting at the intertubercular groove.

Teres major

An upper extremity muscle originating at the inferior $\frac{1}{3}$ of lateral border and inferior angle of scapula, and inserting beneath the lesser tuberosity on anterior humerus.

Brachialis

An upper extremity muscle originating at the distal $\frac{1}{3}$ of anterior surface of humerus and inserting at the coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna.

Brachioradialis

An upper extremity muscle originating at the proximal aspect of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus and inserting at the lateral aspect of styloid process of radius.

Triceps brachii (lateral head)

An upper extremity muscle originating at the proximal $\frac{1}{3}$ of posterolateral aspect of humerus and inserting at the olecranon process of ulna.

Anconeus

An upper extremity muscle originating at the lateral epicondyle of humerus and inserting at the radial aspect of olecranon process and dorsal surface of proximal $\frac{1}{4}$ of ulna.

Supinator

An upper extremity muscle originating at the lateral epicondyle of humerus and supinator fossa of ulna, and inserting at the proximal $\frac{1}{3}$ of lateral and volar aspect of radius.

Pronator teres

An upper extremity muscle originating at the common flexor tendon and coronoid process of ulna, and inserting at the middle of lateral aspect of radius.

Pronator quadratus

An upper extremity muscle originating at the distal part of volar aspect of ulna and inserting at the distal part of volar aspect of radius.

Flexor capri radialis

An upper extremity muscle originating at the common flexor tendon and inserting at the bases of $2^{\text{nd}}$ and $3^{\text{rd}}$ metacarpals.

Flexor capri ulnaris

An upper extremity muscle originating at the common flexor tendon and inserting at the pisiform, hamate, and base of $5^{\text{th}}$ metacarpal.

Flexor digitorium superficialis

An upper extremity muscle originating at the common flexor tendon, coronoid process, and proximal $\frac{2}{3}$ of radius, and inserting via split tendons on each side of base of middle phalanges of $4$ fingers.

Palmaris longus

An upper extremity muscle originating at the common flexor tendon and inserting at the palmar aponeurosis.

Extensor digitorum communis

An upper extremity muscle originating at the common extensor tendon and inserting at the bases of distal phalanges of $4$ fingers.

Extensor pollicis longus

An upper extremity muscle originating at the middle $\frac{1}{3}$ of ulna and interosseus membrane, and inserting at the base of distal phalanx of thumb.

Obliquus internus

A lower extremity muscle originating at the lateral inguinal ligament and middle of iliac crest, and inserting at the $5^{\text{th}}/7^{\text{th}}$ rib cartilage and sternum.

Obliquus externus

A lower extremity muscle originating at the inferior edge of last $8$ ribs and inserting at the $5^{\text{th}}$ to $7^{\text{th}}$ costal cartilage and xiphoid.

Psoas major Iliopsoas

A lower extremity muscle originating at the L1-L5 transverse processes, T12 and L1-L5 intervertebral discs and bodies, and inserting at the lesser trochanter of femur.

Psoas minor

A lower extremity muscle originating at the T12 and L1 intervertebral discs and inserting at the iliopectineal line.

Iliacus

A lower extremity muscle originating at the iliac fossa, iliolumbar, and sacroiliac ligaments, and inserting just distal to lesser trochanter of femur.

Rectus femoris

A lower extremity muscle originating at the anterior inferior iliac spine and area superior to acetabulum, and inserting at the patella and tibial tuberosity.

Pectineus

A lower extremity muscle originating at the iliopectineal line and superior aspect of pubic bone, and inserting at the pectineal line on femur.

Gluteus medius

A lower extremity muscle originating between the iliac crest and anterior and posterior gluteal lines, and inserting at the posterolateral edge of greater trochanter.

Biceps femoris (long head)

A lower extremity muscle originating at the ischial tuberosity and inserting at the head of fibula and lateral tibial condyle.

Popliteus

A lower extremity muscle originating at the lateral femoral condyle and inserting at the proximal tibia at popliteal line.

Tibialis anterior

A lower extremity muscle originating at the lateral condyle of tibia and proximal $\frac{1}{2}$ of lateral aspect of tibia, and inserting at the $1^{\text{st}}$ cuneiform and base of $1^{\text{st}}$ metatarsal.

Peroneus longus

A lower extremity muscle originating at the lateral condyle of tibia, head and proximal $\frac{2}{3}$ of lateral fibula, and inserting at the lateral aspect of base of $1^{\text{st}}$ metatarsal and medial cuneiform.