human reproduction (female)

uterus

inner lining is called endometrium

vagina

allows for entry of sperm and serves as thew birth canal

fallopian tube

egg is either fertilised or dies here

ovaries

produces egg by meiosis, secretes oestrogen and progesterone into blood stream

mechanical contraception

diaphragm, caps, iuds

surgical contraceptives

female sterilization (cutting or tying fallopian tubes)

chemical contraception

contraceptive pill

FSH

causes egg to develop and be surrounded by graafian follicles

oestrogen

made by graafian follicle, stimulates release of LH, causes endometrium to develop

LH

causes ovulation, stimulates progesterone production, causes graafian follicle to develop into corpus luteus

progesterone

made by corpus luteum, maintains endometrium thickness, prevents uterus contractions

female infertility causes

failure to ovulate due to endocrine gland failure or blockages in fallopian tubes

female infertility treatment

injections of hormone supplements to stimulate ovulation or IVF

secondary female sex characteristics

growth of breasts and widening of pelvis

menstrual cycle day 1-5

old lining of uterus breaks down, ovary produces an egg

menstrual cycle day 6-14

graafian follicle produces oestrogen causing endometrium to thicken again

menstrual cycle day 14

ovulation occurs

menstrual cycle day 14-28

graafian follicle develops into corpus luteum and produces progesterone

menopause

ovulation and menstruation stop