Atomic Notation, Ions, and Isotopes

Flashcards covering chemical symbol notation, definitions, and formulas for calculating subatomic particles in atoms, ions, and isotopes.

According to the general notation rule, where are the mass number, atomic number, and charge positioned around a chemical symbol?

Top left = mass number | Bottom left = atomic number | Top right = charge

What are the notation characteristics of neutral atoms regarding brackets and charge?

Neutral atoms have no brackets and no charge.

Are brackets used when writing the notation for a single ion?

No, there are no brackets for a single ion.

In terms of electrons, what do positive and negative ion charges signify?

A positive charge indicates lost electrons, while a negative charge indicates gained electrons.

What is the definition of isotopes?

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

Where are the mass number, atomic number, and charge placed in the notation of an isotope ion?

Mass number is in the top left, atomic number is in the bottom left, and charge is in the top right.

How do you calculate the number of protons ($P$) in an atom, ion, or isotope?

$\text{Protons} = \text{Atomic number}$ ($P = \text{Atomic \#}$)

What is the formula to calculate the number of neutrons ($N$)?

$\text{Neutrons} = \text{Mass number} - \text{Atomic number}$ ($N = \text{Mass \#} - \text{Atomic \#}$)

How do you determine the number of electrons ($E$) in a neutral atom or isotope?

$\text{Electrons} = \text{Protons}$ (Neutral $E = P$)

How do you calculate the number of electrons in a positive ion ($+\text{ion}$)?

Subtract the charge from the electrons: $\text{Ion } E = P - (+\text{charge})$

How do you calculate the number of electrons in a negative ion ($-\text{ion}$)?

Add the charge to the electrons: $\text{Ion } E = P + (-\text{charge})$