Skin Integrity and Wound Care

Practice vocabulary flashcards covering the structure of the skin, factors affecting skin integrity, and pressure injury risk factors based on NU 211 Chapter 31 lecture notes.

Epidermis

The outer layer of the skin, comprising the stratum corneum and stratum germinativum.

Stratum Corneum

The protective outer barrier layer of the epidermis.

Stratum Germinativum

The regenerative inner layer of the epidermis.

Dermis

The middle layer of the skin composed of irregular fibrous connective tissue containing blood vessels, nerves, and hair follicles.

Subcutaneous Layer

The deepest skin layer composed of connective and adipose tissue that provides insulation, protection, and an energy reserve.

Age-Related Skin Changes

Physiological skin alterations in older adults characterized by decreased elasticity, dryness, reduced collagen, hyperpigmentation, and increased risk of injury.

Essential Nutrients for Collagen Formation

Protein, vitamin C, zinc, and copper, which are necessary for collagen synthesis and tissue integrity.

Poor Turgor

A reduction in skin elasticity and fullness caused by dehydration.

Maceration

The softening and breakdown of skin resulting from prolonged moisture exposure.

Sensory Impairment

Diminished sensation and impaired cognition that prevent a client from detecting, recognizing, and responding to tissue damage.

Impaired Circulation

A vascular condition that compromises tissue metabolism and oxygen delivery, placing skin integrity at risk.

Elevated Temperature

Fever that depletes moisture and increases metabolic demands, heightening the risk of skin breakdown.

High-Risk Combination for Pressure Injury

The clinical convergence of immobility, incontinence, poor nutrition, altered consciousness, and advanced age.