Comprehensive Secondary English Vocabulary

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering essential terms, contextual meanings, and Arabic equivalents from four secondary English curriculum units.

Absolute word (n)

A definitive, non-negotiable term that leaves no room for exceptions (كلمة قاطعة - لفظ بات).

Bias (n)

Prejudice or an inclination in favor of or against one thing, person, or group (تحيز).

Hedging word (n)

A cautious, qualifying word used to soften statements and avoid absolute claims (لفظ مُتحفّظ / كلمة احترازية).

Highlight-reel effect (n)

The psychological impact of comparing one's everyday life to the curated, best moments displayed by others on social media (تأثير اللقطات البارزة أو المثالية).

Intensifier (n)

A word or linguistic device used to strengthen and add emphasis to meaning (أداة تقوية - تستخدم لتقوية المعنى).

Psychiatry (n)

The branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental health disorders (الطب النفسي).

Self-image (n)

The personal conception, mental picture, or impression one has of oneself (الصورة الذاتية - نظرة الشخص لنفسه).

Media literacy (n)

The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and critically understand media content (الوعي الإعلامي).

Decade (n)

A distinct time span consisting of $10$ years (عقد - ١٠ سنوات).

Measurable (adj)

Able to be quantified, evaluated, or determined in size or degree (قابل للقياس).

Mindfulness (n)

The practice of active, open awareness and attention to the present moment (اليقظة الذهنية).

Well-being (n)

The general condition of health, happiness, prosperity, and emotional wellness (الرفاهية / العافية).

Sedentary (adj)

Characterized by much sitting, inactivity, and very little physical exercise (قليل الحركة - خامل).

Underestimated (adj)

Assessed, valued, or regarded as less important, powerful, or capable than it actually is (مستهان به / غير مُقدَّر بشكل كاف).

Processed food (n)

Food commercially altered or treated through industrial operations (طعام مُصنَّع).

Deliberate (adj)

Done intentionally, consciously, or on purpose (متعمد / مقصود = on purpose).

Maintain (ed) (v)

To preserve, keep in existing state, or sustain (يحافظ على = Keep).

Screen-based (adj)

Activities or behaviors centered around electronic visual screens (قائم على الشاشات).

Emotional resilience (n)

The ability to withstand, adapt to, and recover from emotional distress or hardship (مرونة عاطفية).

Non-judgmental (adj)

Accepting others without criticism or moral judgment (غير حُكمي).

Agency (n)

The capacity, freedom, and power of an individual to make their own choices and act (قدرة على الاختيار والتصرف).

Disempowering (adj)

Depriving someone of influence, autonomy, or personal control (مضعف للقدرة - مفقد للسيطرة).

Locus of control (n)

The psychological degree to which people believe they, as opposed to external forces, control outcome events in their life (موضع التحكم - مركز التحكم).

Nudge (n)

A subtle stimulus, gentle push, or indirect suggestion used to guide behavioral choices (دفعة لطيفة - توجيه غير مباشر).

Resilience (n)

The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties, trauma, or stress (مرونة - قدرة على التعافي).

Self-efficacy (n)

A person's internal confidence in their ability to perform tasks and attain specific goals (الكفاءة الذاتية).

Structural barrier (n)

An institutional, societal, or environmental obstacle that impedes access or opportunity (عائق بنيوي - حاجز هيكلي).

Landmark study (n)

A pivotal, highly influential research investigation that significantly advances understanding (دراسة بارزة).

Socioeconomic (adj)

Relating to or involving a combination of social and economic factors (اجتماعي اقتصادي).

Collectivist (adj)

Emphasizing group goals, cohesion, and the priority of the community over the individual (جماعي / مؤمن بأهمية الجماعة).

Counseling (n)

Professional psychological support and guidance to help resolve personal or social issues (الإرشاد النفسي).

Decisive (adj)

Having a determining or crucial impact on the final result (حاسم - مؤثر في النتيجة).

Individualistic (adj)

Characterized by individualism, self-reliance, and emphasizing individual needs over the group (فردي / يميل إلى الفردية).

Targeted (adj)

Directed or aimed specifically toward a designated objective or audience (موجه - مستهدف).

Variable (n)

An element, condition, or factor that can change or vary in an investigation (متغير).

Respondent (n)

A participant who answers questions or provides data in an inquiry or survey (مجيب - مستجيب للاستبيان).

Sample (n)

A selected subset or portion representing a larger population for analysis (عينة).

Nationwide (adj)

Extending across or affecting the whole country (شامل أنحاء البلاد).

Biased (adj)

Exhibiting an unfair preference for or opposition to a particular person, group, or point of view (متحيز - غير محايد).

Biased language (n)

Phrasing that unfairly favors one viewpoint or conveys prejudice rather than objective facts (لغة متحيزة).

Comparison (n)

The examination of two or more entities to identify similarities and differences (مقارنة).

Evaluative (adj)

Involving the critical appraisal, rating, or determination of worth and quality (تقييمي).

Fast-changing (adj)

Developing, progressing, or shifting at a rapid and dynamic pace (سريع التغيير).

Neutral language (n)

Impartial, balanced phrasing that communicates information without subjective slant or emotional loading (لغة محايدة).

Reshape (d) (v)

To reconstruct, reorganize, or alter the fundamental structure and nature of something (يعيد تشكيل).

Rhetorical question (n)

An inquiry stated solely to produce emphasis, provoke reflection, or make a point rather than seek an answer (سؤال بلاغي).

Self-esteem (n)

An individual's subjective appraisal of their own personal worth, competence, and dignity (تقدير الذات).

Social (adj)

Relating to human community life, societal organization, or interpersonal relations (اجتماعي).

Nutritionist (n)

A healthcare professional who specializes in dietary guidance, food science, and healthy eating practices (أخصائي تغذية).

Process (ed) (n / v)

A systematic series of operations to achieve a goal, or to treat materials industrially (عملية - يُعالج).

Interact (ed) (v)

To communicate, engage with, or have a mutual reciprocal effect upon another (يتفاعل).

Rank (ed) (v)

To position, classify, or order entities according to a hierarchical scale of quality or importance (يرتب - يصنف).

Rural (adj)

Characteristic of, located in, or pertaining to the countryside rather than cities or towns (ريفي).

Urban (adj)

Pertaining to, located in, or characteristic of a densely populated city or town (حضري - متعلق بالمدينة).

Balanced diet (n)

An eating regimen providing essential nutrients and calories in the proper proportions (نظام غذائي متوازن).

Cope with (v + prep)

To manage, handle, and overcome challenging circumstances or psychological stress (يتعامل مع).

Peer pressure (n)

The psychological and social influence exerted by contemporaries to adopt specific behaviors or attitudes (ضغط الأقران).

Willpower (n)

The inner strength and self-discipline required to control impulses and pursue goals (قوة إرادة).

Participant (n)

An individual who actively takes part or is involved in a study, survey, or activity (مشارك).

Significant (adj)

Having substantial importance, meaning, or demonstrable statistical effect (ملحوظ - مهم).