Master Plumbing Code, Mathematics, SPDI, and Practical Problems

Vocabulary flashcards generated from comprehensive Master Plumbing lecture notes covering Code, Arithmetic, SPDI, and Practical Problems.

RA 1378

The Plumbing Law of the Philippines, enacted to regulate the practice of Master Plumbing, signed into law on June 18, 1955 by President Ramon Magsaysay.

Durham System

A soil or waste system in which all pipings are of threaded pipe, tubing, or fitted using recessed drainage fittings.

Backflow

The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures, or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from any source other than its intended source.

Air Gap (Water Distribution)

The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet conveying potable water to the flood-level rim of any tank, vat, or fixture.

Fixture Unit

An arbitrary quantity representing the load-producing effect or water requirement on a plumbing system, equivalent to $28.3\,\text{L/min}$ ($1\,\text{cu.ft/min}$).

Gate Valve

A valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disc fitted against machine-smoothed faces, moving at right angles to the direction of flow.

Globe Valve

A valve in which the flow of fluid is cut off by a circular disc operating over and against a horizontal valve seat parallel to the normal direction of fluid flow.

Check Valve

A valve that automatically closes to prevent the reversal flow of liquid or gas in a pipeline.

Trap Seal

The maximum vertical depth of liquid that a trap will retain, measured between the dip and the crown weir.

Building Drain

The lowest piping of a drainage system that receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage pipes inside the walls of the building and conveys it to the building sewer starting $0.6\,\text{meters}$ outside the building wall.

Building Sewer

That part of the horizontal piping of a drainage system extending from the end of the building drain that conveys discharge to a public sewer, private sewer, or individual sewage disposal system.

Yoke Vent

A pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack below the floor and below horizontal connections to an adjacent vent stack to prevent pressure changes in the stacks.

Circuit Vent

A group vent pipe that connects to a vent stack and serves a horizontal soil or waste branch downstream of the last fixture.

Loop Vent

A vertical vent connection on a horizontal soil or waste pipe branch downstream of the last fixture that loops back to connect into the stack vent.

Septic Tank

A watertight receptacle receiving the discharge of a sanitary plumbing system designed to retain solids, digest organic matter through detention, and discharge clarified effluent into subsurface soil.

Seepage Pit

A loosely lined excavation in the ground that receives the discharge of a septic tank and permits the effluent to seep through its bottom and sidewalls.

Bernoulli's Theorem

A fluid dynamics principle derived from energy conservation stating that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the internal pressure within the fluid decreases.

Torricelli's Law

A fluid dynamics law describing the exit velocity of an ideal fluid from an orifice under gravity, expressed as $v = \sqrt{2gh}$.

Schmutzdecke

A biologically active layer consisting of microorganisms formed on top of a slow sand filter that decomposes organic matter (German for 'dirt cover').

Hydraulic Rams

Automatic pumping devices that require no motor, relying on the water hammer effect produced by surging fluid brought suddenly to rest.

Submersible Pump

A pump whose hydraulic components, including casing, impeller, and diffuser element, are fully submerged in and flooded by the fluid being handled.

Centrifugal Pump Flow Directions

Classification of centrifugal pump casing flow directions relative to the shaft: Axial (inline with shaft), Radial (perpendicular to shaft), and Mixed (partly radial and partly axial).

Pumping Hydraulic Heads

Key vertical dimensions in pumping systems including Static Head, Static Discharge Head, Static Suction Head, Suction Lift, and Total Static Head measured relative to the pump centerline.

Pipe Hangers and Supports Types

Structural support components used to suspend and anchor piping, including U-type hangers, clevis hangers, I-beam clamps, C-clamps, and concrete inserts.

Batas Pambansa 344

An Act to Enhance the Mobility of Disabled Persons by Requiring Certain Buildings, Institutions, Establishments, and Public Utilities to Install Accessibility Facilities.

Flashover

A transitional phase in a compartment fire where exposed surfaces reach their ignition temperatures simultaneously, causing rapid fire spread throughout the entire space.

Class K Fire

A fire classification involving commercial cooking appliances utilizing combustible media such as vegetable or animal oils and fats.

Drop Head Auger

A drain cleaning tool designed specifically for clearing back-to-back mounted fixtures where the cable must be directed downward into the vertical drain line.

Spud Wrench

A wrench featuring narrow, smooth, toothless jaws designed to fit into tight quarters and turn square or rectangular stock without damaging finished surfaces.

Basin Wrench

A specialized plumbing tool with spring-loaded ratcheting jaws mounted on a long shaft, used to install or remove faucet mounting nuts under sinks.