anatomy movement quiz

joints = the meeting place between __

gives skeleton __ and hold it together

2 or more bones

mobility

Body movements happen when muscles contract _____ _______, moving one bone toward another

across joints

important _______ tissues

______: attach bones to bones

______: attach muscles to bones

connective

ligaments

tendons

Joints can be classified by structure or function

functional classification: based on ___ ___ ___ and how much ____ they allow

what they do

movement

the less movable the joint, the more (stable or less stable) it is

stable

3 functional types:

_______: non moving joints (_____ joints)

• ex. the part of the ____ that protects the brain=cranium

_______: slightly moving joints (_____ joints)

• ex. where _____ bones meet the pelvis

_______: freely moving joints (______joints)

• ex. knee and elbow _____, mainly in our limbs

synarthroses, fibrous

• skull

amphiarthroses, cartilaginous

• pubic

diarthroses, synovial

• joints

structural classification is based on what ____ the bones together in the joint and if a _____ is present

binds

cavity

_______ joints=connect bones with the ______ fibers of _____ connective tissue

• mostly immovable

• ex. bones in the skull are held together, fibula and tibia are held together by ligaments, teeth embedded in their sockets

fibrous

collagen

dense

______ joints=connect bones with cartilage

• can be _____ but also ______ _______

• ex. between the sternum and the first rib, invertebral discs

cartilaginous

rigid

slightly movable

________ joints=connect bones and dense connective tissues AND a ___ filled joint _____

• allows them to be freely movable

synovial

fluid

cavity

Synovial joints have 6 special features:

______ cartilage that covers the opposing bone surfaces

______ cavity

a fibrous joint _____ that encloses the cavity

snyovial _____ in the cavity that acts as a lubricant

bandlike _____ for reinforcement

sensory _____ fibers and ____ vessels (in the joint capusle and synovial membrane)

They have 6 types of configurations: ___, ___,___,___,___,___

articular

joint

capsule

fluid

ligaments

nerve

blood

gliding,hinge,pivot,condylar,saddle,ball and socket

gliding (plane) joint that alows _____ movements

• when one flat bone surface glides or slips over another (back and forth or side to side)

• ex. intercarpal joints(wrist) and intertarsal joints(ankle)

gliding

hinge only moves in one direction(like a door hinge) that allows _____ movements like

______: bending in one way that decreases the angle of the joint so the articulating bones get closer

______: reverse of flexion

• __________: going beyond the anatomical position

ex. elbow and interphalangeal(finger) joints

angular

flexion

extension

hyperextension

pivot allows ____ as well as twisting movements back and forth

_____= twist/turn forward

_____=twist/turn backward

where humerus meets radius and ulna at the elbow

rotation

supination

pronation

condylar acts like a pedestal with a joint on top that allows flexion/extension as well as

________: moving away, moving a limb away from the median plane, along the frontal plane

________: moving toward, opposite of it

ex. in the wrist

abduction

adduction

saddle allows _______ movements as well as flexion/extension, abduction/adduction

ex. thumb joints

opposition

ball and socket has lots of __________ and allows rotational movements, abduction/adduction, flexion/extension

______: turning of the bone around its own long axis

ex. shoulder and hip joints

maneuverability

rotation

_______: moving limb in a circle (ex. making circles with arms)

______ and ______: lifting (then lowering) a body part superiorly (ex. shrugging your shoulders, jaw dropping)

_______ and ______: (ex. sticking jaw out to make an underbite and back in)

_______ and ______ _____: lifting foot up and down at the ankle

_______ and ______: ex. turning the foot inward and outward

circumduction

elevation depression

protraction retraction

dorsiflexion plantar flexion

inversion eversion

bones cant move without joints that connect them and the muscles that stretch over those joints

movement occurs when muscles ______

• they always pull, never push

______:causes a change in the length of the muscles (push ups or lifting a box)

______:no change in length (plank or good posture)

contract

isotonic

isometric

______= the movable bone during a muscle contraction

______=the bone that moves less or not at all

insertion

origin

ex. in a bicep curl, the radius is the insertion point and pulls towards the scapula, which is the origin