A215 Lab - Muscles of the Ankle, Foot, and Toes

the anterior compartment

contains the tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius, and extensor hallucis muscles
- these muscles work in dorsiflexing
- 2 work in straightening the toes

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes and inverts foot
- originates from the lateral tibia and inserts immediately onto the tarsals in the first metatarsal

extensor digitorum longus

dorsiflexes foot and extends toes
- originates from the tibia and fibula and inserts onto the dorsal surface of the distal in middle phalanges of digits 2-5
- extends digits 2-5

extensor hallucis longus

flexes the foot and extends the big toe
- extends from the fibula to the distal phalanx of the great toe

lateral compartment

contains fibularis(peroneus) longus, fibularis(peroneus) brevis
- evert and plantar flex the foot

fibularis longus

plantar flexes and everts foot
- long, slender and superficial
- extends from the head of the fibula and attaches to the plantar surfaces of one of the tarsals and the first metatarsal

fibularis brevis

plantar flexes and everts foot
- shorter, deeper
- extends from the lateral aspect of the distal fibula to the proximal end of the fifth metatarsal

posterior compartment

these muscles are primarily responsible for plantar flexion of the foot or flexing the toes
- contains the calcaneal tendon, gastrocnemius, and soleus

calcaneal tendon

achilles tendon; serves as an insertion point for superficial calf muscles

gastrocnemius

flexes the leg
- originates from the lateral and medial condyles of the femur
- superficial

soleus

plantar flexes foot
- extend from the proximal portion of the posterior tibia to the calcaneus
- deeper

flexor digitorum longus

flexes toes 2-5 and plantar flexes the foot
- extends from the posterior tibia to the distal phalanges 2-5

tibialis posterior

plantar flexion and inversion of foot
- originates from the posterolateral tibia and fibula and inserts onto the plantar surface of the tarsal and metatarsal bones

flexor hallucis longus

flexes great toe
- extends from posterior fibula to the distal phalanx of the great toe

plantar aponeurosis

muscle that supports the longitudinal arch of the foot
- strong, dense, connective tissue that originates at calcaneus and attaches to phalanges