Biology Test

Every living organism is made of one or more cells, and cells are the basic units of life. Accurate or inaccurate

Accurate

A new cell can appear in sterile broth when no living cell was present. Accurate/Inaccurate

Inaccurate. New cells come from preexisting cells. Sterile broth does not spontaneously produce cells; growth requires contamination by existing living cells.

A one celled organism must be a prokaryote. Accurate/Inaccurate

Inaccurate. A one celled organism must may be prokaryotic or eukaryotic. A nucleus identifies it as eukaryotic

Bacteria have ribosomes but lack a membrane bound nucleus. Accurate/Inaccurate

Accurate

Water molecules stop moving across a membrane at equilibrium. Accurate/Inaccurate

Inaccurate because water molecules continue moving across a membrane in both directions at equilibrium. Equal rates means there is no net movement

What did Hooke observe in cork?

Small compartments outlined by cell walls in cork; named them cells

What did Pasteur’s flask experiment show?

Microbes come from existing microbes. Sterilized broth stayed clear when airborne microbes were prevented from reaching it, providing evidence against spontaneous generation

DNA floats in the cytoplasm; no nucleus is present. Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic and why?

Prokaryotic because no nucleus

The single cells pond organism has a nucleus. Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic and why?

Eukaryotic because it contains a nucleus

It has a nucleus, cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic and why?

Eukaryotic because has a nucleus. Chloroplast, cell walls, and large central vacuole also indicates a plant cell

A cell cannot assemble a new protein from amino acids what organelle would help?

Ribosome bc it assembled amino acids into proteins

Proteins arrive from the ER but are not stored and packaged what organelle would help?

Golgi body bc it sorts and packages proteins arriving from the ER

A liver cell makes fewer lipids and processes toxins poorly what organelle would help?

Smooth ER because it makes lipids and helps detoxify chemicals

A cell cannot recycle its worn out parts what organelle would help?

Lysosome bc it digests and recycles worn out cell parts

A muscle cell cannot supply enough usable energy what organelle would help?

Mitochondria bc it produces much of the cell’s usable ATP energy

A leaf cell receives sunlight but produces little sugar what organelle would help?

Chloroplast bc it use light energy during photosynthesis to help make sugars

Oxygen moves directly through the membrane, high to low. What, family and atp and process

Family:Passive

ATP:No

Simple diffusion

Glucose uses a membrane protein, high to low. What Family, process and atp

Family:Passive

ATP:No

Process: facilitated diffusion

An ion is pumped through a protein, low to high. What family and atp and process

Family:Active

ATP:yes

Process: active transport by a protein pump

A cell folds its membrane around a large food particle. Family and atp and process

Family:bulk

ATP:yes

Process: endocytosis

A vesicle fuses with the membrane and releases its contents. Family,process, and atp

family:bulk

Process:exocytosis

ATP:yes

Water crosses a selectively permeable membrane. Family, process, and atp

Family:passive

Process:osmosis

ATP:no

5%solute inside and 5%solute outside cell. What is tonicty outside, net water movement and animal cell

Tonicity is isotonic

Net water movement is equal

Animal cell is stays abt the same

15%solute outdid and 4% solute inside the cell. What is the tonicity, net water movement, and animal cell

Tonicity: Hypotonic

Net water movement: Outside→inside

Animal cell: gains water, swells and may burst

3 % solute on outside and 11 % solute on inside of cell. What is the tonicity outside, net water movement, and the animal cell

Tonicity outside: hypertonic

Net water movement:Inside →outside

Animal cell: loses water and shrinks

A plant cell is placed in the 4 %(with 15% inside) solution in row 2. What happens to its firmness and why can it usually remain intact?

With 15% solute inside, the plant cell gains water bc outside the solution is hypotonic. It becomes firmer/turgid as the central vacuole fills and true or pressure develops against the cell wall. The supportive wall resists further expansion, so the cell usually remains intact.