Nervous System Practice Questions

Nervous tissue of the CNS that is composed primarily of myelinated axons is often referred to as

White matter

A

Dendrites

B

Soma/Cell body

C

Axon

D

Schwann cell

E

Node of ranvier

In order for local potentials to trigger an action potential, the membrane must reach a level called the...

Threshold

Identify the correct sequence of the structures as they are involved in activity at a chemical synapse.

Presynaptic terminal, synaptic cleft, postsynaptic membrane

Synapses in which gap junctions allow ions to diffuse quickly from cell to cell are called.

__ synapses.

Electrical

Identify the type of synapse that includes a presynaptic cell, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic cell.

Chemical

Identify the functions of the nervous system. (all that apply.)

Integrating information, controlling muscles and glands, and receiving sensory input

Groups of related nerve cell bodies located outside of the CNS are called

Ganglia

Most metabolic and regulatory functions in a neuron happen where

The cell body or soma

A myelin sheath is composed primarily of

Lipids

Which of the following will cause the plasma membrane to hyperpolarize when at its resting membrane potential

Inflow of Cl-

An inhibitory local potential causes which of the following

Hyper polarization of plasma membrane

What occurs during hyper polarization of a neuron plasma membrane

Potassium ions are leaving the cell

When the voltage of a plasma membrane shifts from +35 MV toward zero MV, the neuron is

Repolarizing

All of the following are typical characteristics of neurotransmitters, except

They are released into the bloodstream before reaching the postsynaptic cell

IPSPS are associated with, which of the following

Hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane

Which of these is an example of EPSP in a typical neuron

A voltage change from -70 MV to -69.5 MV

Teresa has been diagnosed with the disease that delineate the somatic motor neurons. This disease is destroying the blank associated with neurons that control blank

Schwann cells, skeletal muscle

1

Resting membrane potential

2

Graded potential

3

Depolarization

4

Repolarization

5

Hyperpolarization

What happens in depolarization?

Rapid influx of NA plus through voltage gated sodium channels

What happens in a graded potential?

A local change in membrane potential brings the neuron towards threshold

What happens in repolarization?

K plus exit the neuron through voltage gated potassium channels

What happens in resting membrane potential

The neuron maintains a membrane potential of approximately -70 MV

What happens in hyperpolarization?

The membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting membrane potential

Macrophages in CNS cell

Microglia

What cells form myelin sheath around part of axon in PNS

Schwann cells

What cells influence the function of the blood brain barrier

Astrocytes

What cells produce cerebrospinal fluid

Ependymal cell

What cells form myelin sheath around axons in CNS

Oligodendrocyte

How can you differentiate gray matter and white matter?

Grey matter has cell bodies and dendrites while white matter has myelinated axons

What are the two functional subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system?

Motor and sensory

An IPSP is inhibitory because it

Hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic membrane

Action potential at a chemical synapse

Travel from presynaptic terminal to postsynaptic membrane

Gap junctions are functionally

Electrical synapses

An Action potential

occur occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level

Frank has a microbial infection attacking his brain which cell type would you expect to proliferate and be most active during this time?

Microglia