Everyday Bias: Chap. 3.

Selective Attention / Inattention Blindness

Selectively seeing some things while ignoring others based on current focus.

Mechanism of Selective Attention

Consciousness spots items 'on our mind' and misses obvious things in front of us.

Diagnosis Bias

The propensity to label people, ideas, or things based on initial opinions.

Reliability of 'Gut Decisions'

Unreliable; initial expectations strongly bias subsequent evaluations and ratings.

Priming

Implicit tendency to respond based on expectations from previous experiences or associations.

Media as a Priming Agent

Shifts focus and activates expectations, influencing subsequent feelings and actions.

Value Attribution

Inclination to imbue someone or something with qualities based on perceived initial value.

Joshua Bell Washington Post Experiment

Demonstrated value attribution: commuters ignored a world-class violinist dressed as a street musician.

Anchoring Bias (Focalism)

Relying too heavily on one initial trait or piece of information when making decisions.

Stereotype Threat

Anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype about one's own social group.