disease cards ch. 7

abnormal breath sounds

abnormal health sounds heard during respiration with the se if a stethoscope, commonly leading to a diagnosis of a respiratory or cardiac conditions

crackle

intermittent sounds caused by exudates, spams, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture filled alveoli

rhonchus

continuous sounds heard during inspiration and expiration caused by secretion in the larger airways and commonly resembling snoring

stridor

high pitched, harsh sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway

wheeze

whistling or sighing that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway

acidosis

excessive acidity of body fluids

apnea

disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep, resulting in blood deoxygenation, causing tge patient to tot awaken =, gasping for air

central apnea

a form of sleep apnea that occurs when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles, causing brief pause in breathing

obstructive apnea

most common form of sleep apnea caused by an upper airway blockage that prevents an adequate flow or air to the lungs

mixed apnea

type of sleep apnea that occurs when csa and osa occur simultaneously

coronavirus

group of virus that can cause illness such as the common cold and severe acute respiratory syndrome that are highly contagious and mainly spread through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person breathes, talks, sneeze, or coughs

coronavirus disease 2019

pandemic of new coronavirus that originated in china in 2019; common symptoms include loss of taste and smell, fever, sough, tiredness, and difficulty breathing, with some experienced worsening sob and pneumonia after a week of onset

croup

common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passage ad sometimes involving the lungs

cystic fibrosis

life threatening genetic disease that causes mucus to become unusually thick and sticky, plugging tubes and ducts, especially in the lungs and pancreas

deviated nasal septum

displacement of the cartilage diving the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and sometimes causes nosebleed

epiglottis

severe, life threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structure that occurs most commonly in children between ages 2 and 12

epistaxis

nasal hemorrhage

Hypoxemia

o2 deficiency in arterial blood, which is usually a sign of respiratory impairment and commonly causes hypoxia

hypoxia

o2 defiance in the body or region of the body commonly causes cyanosis

influenza

acute, contagious viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever chills, and muscle pain, especially in the back, arms and legs

pertussis

acute infectious disease characterized by a coin that has a characteristic whoop sound

Pleural effusion

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity that impairs breathing by limiting the expansion of lungs

pneumothorax

presence of air in the pleural cavity, commonly caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury or as a result of thoracic surgery

pleurisy

inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep bretahin

pulmonary edema

accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissue and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure

sudden infant death syndrome

completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than age 12 months

tuberculosis

potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets, affecting any organ of the body but primarily the lungs and causing cheats pain, hemoptysis, weight loss, and night sweats

coryza

acute inflammation of the membrane of the nose

atelectasis

collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects or part of lung

empyema

exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleural cavity, commonly as a result of bacterial pneumonia that spreads from the lungs

pulmonary embolism

blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved mater that has traveled to the lungs form another part of the body