CHAPPTER 7 A/P

cranial bones

surround and protect the brain

attachment for head/neck muscles

facial bones

form the face, attachment for facial muscles

create space for eyes, nose, other sensory organs

coronal

separates frontal and parietal

sagittal

separates right and left parietal

lambdoid

separates parietal and occipital

squamous

separates parietal and temporal

hyoid bone

not part of the skull, supports the tounge

helps w/ speech and swallowing

held in place by ligaments

only bone that does not directly articulate w/ another bone

paranasal sinsuses

air-filled sacs lined w/ mucus

warms and humidify air, lighten skull

increase vocal resonance

vertebral column

supports body weight, protect the spinal cord

attachment for ribs and muscles

C1-C7

smallest/lightest vertebrae

located in the neck

C1=Atlas

supports the skull

no body or spinous process

has anterior/posterior arches

C2=Atlas

has the dens

dens acts as a pivot for head rotation

C7

also called “vertebral prominent”

easily felt at base of the neck

T1-T12

articulate w/ ribs, have costal facets

long, sharp spinous processes

heart shaped bodies, circular vertebral foramina

L1-L5

largest vertebrae, carry most stress

located in lower back, thick structures

have triangular vertebral foramen

sacrum

triangular bone, forms back of the pelvis

made of 5 fused vertebrae

connects w/ hip bones at sacroiliac/SI joints

coccyx

tailbone, has little function

made of 3-5 fused vertebrae

can fracture from falls

colles fracture

fracture of distal radius, common from falling on outstretched hand

nursemaids elbow

radial head subluxation, associated with pulling on the arm

ilium

superior portion, connects to sacrum

ischium

posterior/inferior portion, what you sit on

pubis

anterior portion, right and left side meet at pubic symphysis

femur

thigh bone, largest and strongest bone in body

connects hip to knee

patella

kneecap, sesamoid bone

located within quadriceps/patellar tendon

protects front of the knee

tibia

medial, weight bearing

larger, transfers weight from femur to foot

fibula

lateral, doesn’t bear significant weight

stabilizes ankle. has lateral malleolus

carpal tunnel syndrome

median nerve gets compressed

causes tingling/numbness, in digits I-IV

boxers fracture

fracture of the 5th metacarpal