Genetics

mr birch is silly

Gregor Mendel -

Conducted genetic experiments by cross-pollinating plants

Geneticists identify two capital letters (LL) as \_________

two dominant alleles

Geneticists identify 1 capital letter and 1 lower case letter (Ll) as \______

one dominant allele and one recessive allele

Geneticists identify 2 lower case letters (ll) as \______

two recessive alleles

If a white rabbit (BB) is mates/crosses with a tan rabbit (bb), what is the chance that the baby rabbit would have white fur?

100 percent chance the rabbit would have white fur

Define the term probability -

a number that explains the likeliness of an event happening

Define the term phenotype-

the physical appearance of an organism

Explain what occurs when sex cells combine and create an offspring -

Each sex cell will provide half the number of chromosomes in body cells

Define the term mutation-

a change in a gene or chromosome

Define the term trait -

a physical characteristic that is studied/researched in genetics

Define the term alleles -

different types/forms of a gene

How is a Punnet Square used to study genetics?

The Punnet Square shows all of the possible outcomes of a genetic cross

Define the term genotype-

the genetic makeup

Define the term homozygous-

an organism that has two identical allele for a trait

Define heterozygous-

an organism that has tow different alleles for a trait

The products of photosynthesis contains-

oxygen and sugar

Explain what happens during respiration?

The glucose is broken down, releasing energy.

Define the term fermentation-

Energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen

Explain the process of cytokinesis in animal cells-

two new daughter cells are formed

Adenine (A) is always placed with \________ during DNA replication

Thymine (T)

Replication happens during which stage of the cell cycle?

interphase

incomplete dominance

Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele

Codominance

A condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed

multiple alleles

three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait

polygenic inheritance

combined effect of two or more genes on a single character

sex-linked traits

Traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes.