exam 2- ha

I- olfactory

smell-sensory

olfactory- As

identifying familiar nonirritating scents

II- optic- sensory

vision- sensory

optic-as

snellen chart and visual field by wiggling fingers on the side

III- oculomotor-motor

eye movement and pupil constriction- motor

III- Oculomotor-as

Shine a light to see if the pupils shrink, and have them follow your finger in an “H” shape.

IV- trochlear-motor

superior oblique eye movement (eye looks down and in)

IV- trochlear-motor- as

can the eye looks down towards their nose

V- trigeminal- Both

facial sensation ad chewing

V- trigeminal- Both- as

facial light touch and teeth clenching(jaw muscle tightens)

VI- abducens- motor

outward eye movement

VI- abducens- motor- as

move each eyes outwards

VII- facials- both

facial movement

VII- facials- both-as

Have them smile, raise their eyebrows, squeeze their eyes shut, and puff out their cheeks. Look for both sides of the face moving evenly, with no droop.

VIII-vestibulocochlear- sensory

hearing and balance

VIII-vestibulocochlear- sensory- as

Stand behind them, cover one ear, and whisper a word or number. Can they repeat it? Use tuning folk when needed.

IX- glossopharyngeal- both

more back of the throat

IX- glossopharyngeal- both-as

assess swallowing- gag reflex

X- vagus-both

voice, shallowing

X- vagus-both-as

say ‘ah’ observe uvula

XL- accessory- motor

shoulder and neck movement

XL- accessory- motor- as

shrug shoulders and turn head against resistance. Both side should be strong and equal.

XII-hypoglossal- motor

tongue movement and articulation

XII-hypoglossal- motor- as

Have them stick out their tongue. It should come straight out in the middle, not lean to one side.

How to remember cranial nerve type

1. some

2. say

3. marry

4. money

5. but

6. my

7. brother

8. says

9. bigger

10. brains

11. matter

12. most

How to remember nerve

1. only

2. one

3. of

4. the

5. two

6. athletes

7. felt

8. very

9. good

10. victorious

11. and

12. healthy

What is PERRLA:

Pupils equal, round, reactive to light, and accommodation.

How should it be measure?

• Measure and document the pupil size in mm 

• 2-9mm is normal

WHat is anisocoria?

• It is unequal pupil

When the eyes have slow constriction what does it point to?

• Intoxication 

When one pupil response while the other stays same what does it point to?

• Brain tumor  

What nerve is involved in pupillary light response?

• CN II (optic nerve)  and CN III (oculomotor nerve)

What does CN II do?

• is the sensor that when someone shines light in your eyes the optic nerve only send message to the brain “that it is bright”

WHat does CN III do?

• The oculomotor nerve is the motor- The brains then sends the message to the eye muscle to tighten. The pupil shinks letting less light in. 

What is corneal light reflex?

• Shine light on the eye. If the light hits the same spot on spot eyes then eyes are aligned. 

In corneal light reflex what is strabismus?

• If light hits different parts of the eye then it is misaligned. Lazy eye. 

WHat is EOMs?

• Six cardinal postion of gaze, smooth coordinated movement

In EOMS, what is nystagmus? 

• When the eye shakes that means there is a problem with brain, inner ear, or medication. 

right upper quadrant

• liver

• gallbladder

• duodenum

  • right kidney deeper

left upper

• stomach

• spleen

• pancreas

  • left kidney

right lower

• cecum

• appendix

• ascending colon

  • ileocecal valve

left lower

• decending colon

  • sigmoid colon mi

midline/lower

• small intestine

• bladder

• uterus/overies

• aorta and inferior venna cava run down the back