PIOTS MOD 2

the ff are components of nucleoside, except:

a. nitrogenous bases

b. pentose sugar

c. phosphate

d. NOTA

c. phosphate

what structure is in the image?

a. adenine

b. guanine

c. cytosine

d. thymine

e. uracil

b. guanine

The bond between the oxygen part of the phosphate group and the pentose sugar is called

a. phosphodiester bond

b. hydrogen bond

c. n-glycosidic bond

d. NOTA

A. phosphodiester bond

The following statement are true, except:

a. the DNA base pairs are A-T and G-C

b. the RNA base pairs are A-U and G-C

c. A and T base pairs have triple bond

d. G and C base pairs have triple bond

C. A and T base pairs have triple bond

It is the collection of all genetic information

a. gene

b. chromosome

c. genome

d. microbiome

c. genome

The most common location of DNA replication is/are:

a. nucleus

b. mitochondria

c. cytosol

d. A and B

e. AOTA

D. a and b

Which of the ff is the correct sequence of DNA replication

a. elongation - initiation - termination

b. termination - elongation - initiation

c. initiation - elongation - termination

d. NOTA

C. initiation - elongation - termination

the ff enzymes are utilized during the initiation stage of DNA replication

a. helicase

b. DNA gyrase

c. primase

d. A and C only

e. Aota

E. AOTA

The following enzymes are utilized during the elongation stage of DNA elongation

a. SSBP

b. DNA gyrase

c. DNA polymerase

d. A and C

e. AOTA

D. a and c

This enzyme connects okazaki fragments

a. DNA gyrase

b. DNA ligase

c. Helicase

d. Primase

B. ligase

also called DNA-dependent RNA synthesis

a. replication

b. transcription

c. translation

d. NOTA

B. transcription

also called DNA-dependent DNA synthesis

a. replication

b. transcription

c. translation

d. NOTA

a. replication

conversion of RNA to proteins

a. replication

b. transcription

c. translation

d. NOTA

c. translation

during transcription process, the RNA polymerase attaches to CAAT sequence, which is known as

a. hogness box

b. pribnow box

c. both a and b

d. NOTA

A. hogness box (CAAT)

the TATA sequence or box is also known as

a. hogness box

b. pribnow box

c. both a and b

d. NOTA

b. pribnow box

The following are the process of post-transcriptional processing:

a. addition of a 7-methylguanosine cap

b. addition of a poly-adenosine (Poly-A) tail

c. splicing

d. A and B only

e. AOTA

E. AOTA

translation of DNA happens in the

a. mitochondria

b. nucleus

c. cytosol

d. a and B

e. aota

c. cytosol

the triplet sequence of nucleotides

a. codon

b. anti-codon

c. condo

d. anti-condo

a. codon

a type of RNA that carries the genetic information

a. rRNA

b. tRNA

c. mRNA

d. AOTA

c. mRNA

post-translational modification happens in

a. nucleus

b. ribosomes

c. cytosol

d. golgi bodies

D. golgi bodies

the ff are stop codons, except:

a. UAA

b. UAG

c. UUA

d. UGA

c. UUA (not a stop codon)

the ff pairs are correct:

a. anabolism: energy consuming

b. catabolism: breaking down process

c. amphibole: can function both anabolism and catabolism

d. both A and C

e. AOTA

E. AOTA

which of the ff enzymes during glycolysis uses ATP?

a. hexokinase

b. phosphohexose isomerase

c. Aldolase

d. pyruvate kinase

A. hexokinase

the rate limiting step of glycolysis involves the enzyme:

a. glucokinase

b. phosphofructokinase

c. aldolase

d. pyruvate kinase

B. phosphofructokinase

which of the following are irreversible steps?

i. glucose - G6P

ii. g6p-f6p

iii. f6p-f-1,6-p

a. I and II

b. I and III

c. II and III

d. AOTA

b. I and III

which of the ff enzymes are involved in the generation of ATP?

a. pyruvate kinase

b. enolase

c. phosphoglycerate kinase

d. A and B

e. A and C

E. A and C

the ff statements are correct:

a. kinase is the enzyme responsible or transfer of phosphate groups

b. dehydrogenase are enzymes that catalyze redox reactions

c. isomerases are enzymes that change the functional groups of a molecule but retain its chemical formula

d. a and b

D. a and b

number of ATPs produced from beta oxidation of linoleic acid

a. 140

b. 142

c. 144

d. 146

A. 140

total number of ATP molecules produced per acetyl CoA oxidized in the Krebs cycle

a. 5

b. 8

c. 12

d. 15

C. 12 ATP

alkaptonuria is caused by a problem in which of the following enzymes?

a. phenylalanine hydroxylase

b. alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase

c. homogentisic acid oxidase

d. NOTA

C. homogentisic acid oxidase

type of mutation that results in the coding of a stop codon

a. silent

b. missense

c. nonsense

d. frameshift

e. point

f. insertion

g. deletion

h. transitional

i. transversional

c. nonsense

type of mutation that does not result in any change in protein sequence

a. silent

b. missense

c. nonsense

d. frameshift

e. point

f. insertion

g. deletion

h. transitional

i. transversional

a. silent

mutation that results in coding of a different amino acid

a. silent

b. missense

c. nonsense

d. frameshift

e. point

f. insertion

g. deletion

h. transitional

i. transversional

b. missense

mutation that is insertion of deletion of a number of bases that is not a multiple of 3

a. silent

b. missense

c. nonsense

d. frameshift

e. point

f. insertion

g. deletion

h. transitional

i. transversional

d. frameshift

mutation where there is a single base change; may be silent, missense of nonsense

a. silent

b. missense

c. nonsense

d. frameshift

e. point

f. insertion

g. deletion

h. transitional

i. transversional

e. point

mutation where there is an insertion of 1 or more bases in a portion of the DNA

a. silent

b. missense

c. nonsense

d. frameshift

e. point

f. insertion

g. deletion

h. transitional

i. transversional

f. insertion

mutation where 1 or more bases is removed

a. silent

b. missense

c. nonsense

d. frameshift

e. point

f. insertion

g. deletion

h. transitional

i. transversional

g. deletion

mutation where a purine nucleotide is substituted with a purine; pyrimidine with a pyrimide

a. silent

b. missense

c. nonsense

d. frameshift

e. point

f. insertion

g. deletion

h. transitional

i. transversional

h. transitional

mutation where a purine is replaced with a pyrimidine and vice versa

i. transversional

Nyctalopia is caused by a deficiency in this enzyme:

a. vitamin a

b. vitamin b

c. vitamin c

d. vitamin d

a. vitamin A

liquid phase remaining from blood after blood coagulation

a. plasma

b. serum

c. fibrin

d. hemoglobin

b. serum

which of the ff is NOT a ketone body?

a. acetoacetic acid

b. beta-hydroxybutyric acid

c. acetone

d. oxaloacetic acid

D. oxaloacetic acid

scurvy is caused by a deficiency in this vitamin

a. vitamin a

b. vitamin b

c. vitamin c

d. vitamin d

c. vitamin c

rickets and osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in this vitamin

a. vitamin a

b. vitamin b

c. vitamin c

d. vitamin d

d. vitamin d

a mucopolysaccharide that serves as an integral part of the gel-like ground substance of connective tissues

a. heparin

b. dextran

c. chondroitin sulfate

d. hyaluronic acid

D. hyaluronic acid

a mucopolysaccharide which prevents coagulation blood

a. heparin

b. dextran

c. chondroitin sulfate

d. hyaluronic acid

a. heparin

branched polysaccharide of D-glucose used a storage in yeasts and bacteria

a. heparin

b. dextran

c. chondroitin sulfate

d. hyaluronic acid

b. dextran

mucopolysaccharide that are major components of bones and cartilage

a. heparin

b. dextran

c. chondroitin sulfate

d. hyaluronic acid

c. chondroitin sulfate

Step in TCA cycle which does not involve production of ATP

a. isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate

b. succinate to fumarate

c. alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA

d. citrate to isocitrate

D. citrate to isocitrate

also known as lecithin

a. phosphatidylcholine

b. phosphatidylethanolamine

c. phosphatidylglycerol

d. phosphatidylserine

A. phosphatidylcholine

also known as cephalin

a. phosphatidylcholine

b. phosphatidylethanolamine

c. phosphatidylglycerol

d. phosphatidylserine

b. phosphatidylethanolamine

also known as cardiolipin

a. phosphatidylcholine

b. phosphatidylethanolamine

c. phosphatidylglycerol

d. phosphatidylserine

c. phosphatidylglycerol

In sickle cell anemia, Glu is replaced by which amino acid?

a. Ala

b. Ile

c. Lys

d. Val

D. Val

D-mannose and D-galactose are

a. anomers

b. epimers

c. isomers

d. enantiomers

c. Isomers

Maltose is composed of which of the ff sugars?

I. glucose

II. fructose

III. galactose

a. I only

b. I and II

c. I and III

d. I, II and III

A. I only

sucrose is composed of which of the ff sugars?

I. glucose

II. fructose

III. galactose

a. I only

b. I and II

c. I and III

d. I, II and III

b. I and II

lactose is composed of which of the ff sugars?

I. glucose

II. fructose

III. galactose

a. I only

b. I and II

c. I and III

d. I, II and III

c. I and III

hydrogen transferring coenzyme

a. CoA

b. NAD+ or FAD+

c. Biotin

d. TPP

e. Coenzyme b12

b. NAD+ or FAD+

acetyl group carrier

a. CoA

b. NAD+ or FAD+

c. Biotin

d. TPP

e. Coenzyme b12

a. CoA

coenzyme responsible for addition of carboxyl group (carboxylase)

a. CoA

b. NAD+ or FAD+

c. Biotin

d. TPP

e. Coenzyme b12

c. biotin

aldehyde group transfer

a. CoA

b. NAD+ or FAD+

c. Biotin

d. TPP

e. Coenzyme b12

d. TPP

methyl group transfer

a. CoA

b. NAD+ or FAD+

c. Biotin

d. TPP

e. Coenzyme b12

e. Coenzyme b12

the number of ATP required for urea synthesis is

a. 0

b. 1

c. 2

d. 3

c. 2

Marasmus differs from Kwashiorkor in which of the following aspects?

a. mental retardation occurs in Kwashiorkor but not in marasmus

b. growth is retarded in Kwashiorkor but not in marasmus

c. muscle wasting occurs in marasmus but not in kwashiorkor

d. subcutaneous fat disappears in marasmus but not in kwashiorkor

D. subcutaneous fat disappears in marasmus but not in Kwashiorkor

the digestive enzymes of cellular compounds are confined to the

a. lysosomes

b. ribosomes

c. chromosomes

d. polysomes

a. lysosomes

inactive zymogens are precursor of all of the ff GI enzymes, except:

a. carboxypeptidase

b. pepsin

c. aminopeptidase

d. chymotrypsin

C. aminopeptidase

Tay-sach's disease results from the inherited deficiency of

a. arylsulphatase A

b. Hexosaminidase A

c. Sphingomyelinase

d. ceramidase

B. hexosaminidase A

metachromatic leukodystrophy disease results from the inherited deficiency of

a. arylsulphatase A

b. Hexosaminidase A

c. Sphingomyelinase

d. ceramidase

a. arylsulphatase A

niemann-pick disease results from deficiency of

a. arylsulphatase A

b. Hexosaminidase A

c. Sphingomyelinase

d. ceramidase

c. sphingomyelinase

farber's disease results from deficiency of

a. arylsulphatase A

b. Hexosaminidase A

c. Sphingomyelinase

d. ceramidase

d. ceramidase

the function of plasma albumin is

a. osmosis

b. transport

c. immunity

d. both a and b

D. both A and B

the main source of reducing equivalents (NADPH) for lipogenesis is

a. pentose phosphate pathway

b. citric acid cycle

c. glycolysis

d. glycogenolysis

A. pentose phosphate pathway

inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphates involves:

a. reversible, competitive inhibition

b. irreversible inhibition

c. reversible, non-competitive inhibition

d. either A and C

B. irreversible inhibition (due to covalent bonds)

insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by b-cells of the islets of Langerhans. Its metabolic effect is catabolic

a. statement I is correct

b. statement II is correct

c. both statements are correct

d. both statements are incorrect

A. statement I is correct

cells that have stopped dividing are in what stage of the cell cycle?

a. g0

b. g1

c. g2

d. g3

A. G0

Ozasone formation except

a. mannose-needle-like

b. maltose-sunflower shaped

c. lactose-powder puff shaped

d. galactose-rhombic-like osazone

e. sucrose-crystal like

A. mannose - needle-like (wrong pairing)

ozasone: glucose?

needle shape

osazone: galactose

rhombic

osazone: maltose

sunflower

osazone: lactose

powder puff

the following are amino acids with polar side chain, EXCEPT:

a. serine

b. isoleucine

c. tyrosine

d. glutamine

b. Isoleucine