C17T2 - PASS 2 - PARAPHRASE

resistant to a common disease called bacterial spot race (Passage C)

Question 14: a type of tomato that can resist a dangerous infection — resistant to a common disease = can resist a dangerous infection; bacterial spot race = a specific disease.

much genetic diversity is lost (Passage B)

Question 15: an explanation of how problems can arise from focusing only on a certain type of tomato plant — mất đa dạng di truyền khi chỉ chọn một phần quần thể để lai tạo.

many obscure plants (Passage E)

Question 16: a number of examples of plants that are not cultivated at present but could be useful as food sources — obscure plants = plants not widely known; could be useful as food sources = tiềm năng được sử dụng làm thực phẩm.

It took at least 3,000 years for humans to learn how to domesticate the wild tomato (Passage A)

Question 17: a comparison between the early domestication of the tomato and more recent research — early domestication = quá trình thuần hóa ban đầu; more recent research = nghiên cứu gần đây.

They are quite tasty (Passage C)

Question 18: a personal reaction to the flavour of a tomato that has been genetically edited — tasty = flavourful / pleasant to eat; personal reaction = nhận xét cá nhân của người nói.

crops that will thrive even as the planet warms (Passage E)

Question 19: Domestication of certain plants could allow them to adapt to future environmental challenges — thrive as the planet warms = phát triển tốt trong điều kiện khí hậu nóng lên.

it will be hard for new foods to grow so popular with farmers and consumers that they become new staple crops (Passage E)

Question 20: The idea of growing and eating unusual plants may not be accepted on a large scale — become new staple crops = được trồng và tiêu thụ phổ biến trên quy mô lớn.

didn't want to reveal which species were in his team's sights (Passage E)

Question 21: It is not advisable for the future direction of certain research to be made public — didn't want to reveal = không muốn tiết lộ; made public = công khai.

taking the work further would be expensive because of the need to pay for a licence for the CRISPR technology and get regulatory approval (Passage D)

Question 22: Present efforts to domesticate one wild fruit are limited by the costs involved — expensive because of the need to pay = limited by costs.

50,000 edible plants in the world, but 90 percent of our energy comes from just 15 crops (Passage A)

Question 23: Humans only make use of a small proportion of the plant food available on Earth — only 15 crops provide most of our energy despite there being 50,000 edible plants.

loss of flavour (Passage B)

Question 24: An undesirable trait such as loss of flavour may be caused by a mutation in a tomato gene — loss of flavour = an undesirable change in the tomato's taste.

tripled the size of fruit (Passage C)

Question 25: By modifying one gene in a tomato plant, researchers made the tomato three times its original size — tripled the size = three times its original size.

more salt tolerant (Passage C)

Question 26: A type of tomato which was not badly affected by salt, and was rich in vitamin C, was produced by a team of researchers in China — more salt-tolerant = not badly affected by salt.