MedTerm 6

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46 Terms

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synovial

relating to a type of joint which is surrounded by a thick flexible membrane forming a sac into which is secreted a viscous fluid that lubricates the joint

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medial

towards the middle/center

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lateral

farther from the middle

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flexion

bending a limb at a joint

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extension

straightening a limb at a joint

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abduction

moving a limb away from the midline of the body

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adduction

moving a limb towards the midline of the body

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pronation

turning the forearm so the palm is down

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supination

turning the forearm so the palm is up

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circumduction

moving the arm in a circle around the shoulder

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inversion

moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle

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eversion

moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle

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rotation

moving the head around a central axis

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protraction

moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground

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retraction

moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground

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elevation

raising a body part

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depression

lowering a body part

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anterior

in front of

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posterior

farther back

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superior

above

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crepitation

audible and palpable crunching or grating that accompanies movement; when the articular surfaces in the joints are roughened

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osteoporosis

a disease involving the loss of mineralized bone mass, which leads to porous bone and thus the risk of fractures

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myalgia

cramping or aching of muscles

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dislocation

a separation of two bones where they meet a joint

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subluxation

partial dislocation; misalignment

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contracture

shortening of a muscle leading to limited ROM of a joint

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ankylosis

abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones

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dermatome

circumscribed skin area that is supplied mainly from one spinal cord segment through a particular spinal nerve

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syncope

fainting; mainly caused by a drop in blood pressure

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seizures

burst of uncontrolled electrical activity between brain cells that causes temporary abnormalities in muscle tone of movements

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atrophy

gradual decline in effectiveness or vigor of body tissue or an organ; usually d/t degeneration of cells

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analgesia

the inability to feel pain

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anesthesia

medical intervention that prevents patients from feeling pain

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kinesthesia

awareness of the position and movement of parts of the body by means of sensory organs in the muscles and joints

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asterognosis

the inability to discriminate shape and size by touch and recognize objects by touch

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hyperreflexia

hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles

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hyporeflexia

a symptom in which your skeletal muscles have a decreased or absent reflex response

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clonus

involuntary and rhythmic muscle contractions caused by a permanent lesion in descending motor neurons

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H20

water

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ac

before meals

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pc

after meals

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ABC

airway, breathing, circulation

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NPO

nothing by mouth

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PO

by mouth

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A&O

alert and oriented

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LOC

level of consciousness