ATI Teas Full Practice Tyler

Which organ stores and concentrates bile to aide in the digestion of fats?

-pancreas

-liver

-spleen

-gallbladder

gallbladder

During which of the following state changes do particles become more disordered?

-deposition

-freezing

-condensation

-sublimation

sublimination

***Choose the correct order of structures from most simple to most complex

-Amino acid, protein, myocyte, heart

-Heart, myocyte, protein, amino acid

-Myocyte, amino acid, protein, heart

-Amino acid, myocyte, protein, heart

-Amino acid, protein, myocyte, heart

Which of the following deposits minerals, forming the matrix of the bone?

-osteons

-osteoblasts

-osteocytes

-osteoprogenitors

osteoblasts

A student measures how much oxygen is produced by a plant under different light conditions. Which conclusion is best supported by the data in the table?

-Increasing light intensity always increases oxygen production at the same rate

-The plant produces the same amount of oxygen in all light conditions

-Oxygen production increases with light intensity, but the increase becomes smaller at high light levels.

-The plant only produces oxygen when exposed to high light levels.

-Oxygen production increases with light intensity, but the increase becomes smaller at high light levels.

***In mice, somatic cells contain 40 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in each germ cell?
-10

-20

-40

-80

20

*Meiosis lowers the amount of DNA in cells

ex: starting 46 chromosomes →ends with 23 chromosomes

Which of the following atoms has the largest atomic radius?

-H

-K

-Cl

-Fr

Fr

Choose the accurate statement:

-The sternal region is posterior to the dorsal region

-The appendix is superior to the liver

-The rectus abdominis is anterior to the gluteus maximus

-The femur is inferior to the fibula

-The rectus abdominis is anterior to the gluteus maximus

A researcher collects data from several towns and observes that towns with a greater number of ice-cream shops also report a higher number of accidental drownings during the summer months. Which if the following is the best conclusion based on this information?

There is a correlation between ice-cream shops and accidental drownings, but there is not necessarily causation.

***Water reabsorption in the descending limb of the loop of Henle is most accurately described as:

-Active transport along a concentration gradient

-Active transport against a concentration gradient

-Osmosis along a concentration gradient

-Osmosis against a concentration gradient

Osmosis along a concentration gradient

A student is attempting to determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object. They use the following procedure. First, they fill a graduated cylinder to the 20.0mL mark. Next, they allow the object to sink in the water. Afterwards, they measure the water level as 25.5mL. What is the volume of the object?

-5cm³

-5.5cm³

-25.5cm³

-45.cm³

5.5 cm³

***Which of the following monomer pairs would create a disaccharide when bonded together?

-Glutamate and Lysine

-Glucose and Galactose

-Alanine and Thymine

-Glycerol and Fatty Acid

-Glucose and Galactose

What is the name for the combination of temperature and pressure at which a substance’s solid, liquid, and gas phases simultaneously exist at equilibrium?

-Triple Point

-Critical Point

-Extinction Point

-Subcritical Point

Triple Point

***Which of the following is a true statement regarding the scientific process?

-A hypothesis is not valid unless it can be falsified

-Once an experiment is published in a scientific journal, the conclusions are fully accepted

-A scientific theory represents an informed guess about process of phenomenon
-A hypothesis is proven true after accumulating sufficient supporting evidence

-A hypothesis is not valid unless it can be falsified

***15.Which of the following molecules contains double bonds?

-H2

-F2

-O2

-N2

02

***16. Which mutation is most likely to create a wholly nonfunctional protein?

-Nonsense

-Missense

-Silent

-Frameshift

-Frameshift

***Demyelination, the loss of myelin sheaths from nerve cells, results in which of the following?

-Faster nerve impulse conduction

-Slower nerve impulse conduction

-Increased resting membrane potential

-Inability to repolarize

slower nerve impulse conduction

*myelin sheath is damaged or lost. This means electrical signals cannot travel as efficiently along the axon.

Losing myelin affects speed

***Water dissolves disaccharides but it does not dissolve triglycerides. This is due to which of the following properties?

-Water is polar, disaccharides are nonpolar, and triglycerides are polar

-Water is polar, disaccharides are polar, and triglycerides are nonpolar

-Water is nonpolar. disaccharides are nonpolar, and triglycerides are polar

-Water is nonpolar, disaccharides are polar, and triglycerides are nonpolar

Water is polar, disaccharides are polar, and triglycerides are nonpolar

*Like dissolves like

Water=polar

Polar & Polar =dissolve

Polar & Nonpolar= won’t dissolve

Nonpolar & Polar =will dissolve ex: oil & grease

Oxygen-containing hydroxyl groups (–OH) help make carbohydrates polar.

The structures pictured below are primarily involved with:

-Exchange of gases

-Sensory perception

-Waste filtration

-Release of hormones

Exchange of gases

***Which of the following is not normally found in blood plasma?

-Pepsin

-Gamma-globulin

-Albumin

-Sodium ions

pepsin

Pepsin- Digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins

Gamma-globulin-Antibody protein involved in immunity

***A piece of steel wood is placed into a sealed container after being exposed to oxygen. Over several days, the steel wool gains mass. Which of the following best explains this observation?

-The steel wool releases energy that increases its weight

-The steel wool absorbs water vapor, which cools it and makes it heavier

-A chemical reaction occurs where oxygen combines with the steel, increasing the total mass

-The steel wool produces new metal atoms as it breaks down

-A chemical reaction occurs where oxygen combines with the steel, increasing the total mass

Steel wool is primarily made of iron.

When iron is exposed to oxygen, a chemical reaction occurs called oxidation.

• Iron combines with oxygen.

• Iron oxide (rust) forms.

• Oxygen atoms become part of the solid material.

• The steel wool gains mass because oxygen has been added to it.

2. Why does the mass increase?

Think about it this way:

Initially, you have:

• 10 grams of iron

• 2 grams of oxygen that will react with it

After the reaction, you have:

12 grams of iron oxide.

When iron reacts with oxygen:

• Iron loses electrons. This is oxidation.

• Oxygen gains electrons. This is reduction.

• Oxygen atoms combine with iron to form iron oxide (rust).

One important detail: The steel wool gains mass, but the entire sealed container does not gain mass. Oxygen was already inside the container.

Helper T cells perform which of the following functions?

-Release histamines

-Activate cytotoxic T cells

-Clone memory cells

-Produce antigen-presenting cells

Activate cytotoxic T cells

A cell with chloroplasts is most likely to belong to an organism classified as a/an

-Heterotroph

-Autotroph

-Chemotroph

-Auxotroph

Autotroph

Hetrotroph-cannot make its own food. Gets its energy by consuming other organisms

Autotroph-produces its own food using inorganic materials

Chemotroph-Obtains energy from chemical reactions rather than sunlight. Can use inorganic or organic chemicals. Examples: Certain bacteria living near deep-sea hydrothermal vents.

Auxotroph- Needs a specific substance to grow that it cannot produce. Must obtain from environment. A bacterium cannot make its own amino acid (such as tryptophan), so it must get tryptophan from its surroundings.

The primary function of the ___ is to absorb water and electrolytes

-stomach

-small intestine

-large intestine

-esophagus

large intestine

As an ion of oxygen-18 has a charge of 2- . How many neutrons does it have?

10

Ligaments perform what function?

-Hold bone to bone

-Hold muscle to bone

-Hold muscle to muscle

-Provide cushion between bones

Hold bone to bone

For a particular trait, a mouse has a genotype of GG. It breeds with another mouse of unknown genotype, and all offspring are genotype Gg. What is the unknown genotype?

-GG

-Gg

-gg

-g

gg

Pregnancy tests work by detecting which of the following hormones?

-Luteinizing hormone

-Follicle stimulating hormone

-Progesterone

-Chorionic gonadotropin

Chorionic gonadotropin

***What type of cloud is associated with heavy rain and snow?

-Nimbus

-Cirrus

-Cumulus

-Nimbostratus

-Nimbostratus

• Cirrus: Thin, wispy, high-altitude clouds.

• Cumulus: Puffy, cotton-like clouds.

• Stratus: Flat, layered clouds.

• Nimbus: Associated with precipitation.

• Nimbostratus: Steady rain or snow.

• Cumulonimbus: Thunderstorms, heavy rain, lightning.

***Consider the fundamental equation F=ma. The variable m could be reported in which of the following units?

kg

Which of the following hormones is NOT created by the adrenal glands?

-Aldosterone

-Calcitonin

-Cortisol

-Epinephrine

Calcitonin

The primary function of ___ is to carry genetic information

nucleic acids

***A researcher needs to separate bacteria cells from the nutrient broth in which they are growing. The most appropriate tool for this task is a ___.

-Micropipette

-Centrifuge

-Spectrophotometer

-Chromatography column

centrifuge

*Know what each lab tools are used for

A team of researchers wants to determine the amount of chewing tobacco usage throughout the state of Minnesota. They interview teenagers in the cities of Minneapolis, St. Paul, and St. Cloud. It is determined that fewer than 1% of individuals use chewing tobacco. What is the weakness of this investigation?

Data are biased by the sample selection

***Sweat glands are located in which layer of the skin?

dermis

The neurotransmitter used by all neuromuscular synapses is

-Glutamate

-Acetylcholine

-Glycine

-Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Acetylcholine

***An antibiotic would be the most effective treatment for which of the following diseases?

-Measles

-Leptospirosis

-psoriasis

-ringworm

-Leptospirosis

***Know each of these diseases

***Which of the following is the site of translation?

Ribosome

***Correctly order the following stages of nerve conduction

1.Stimulus received

2.Na+ channels open

3.Action potential created

4.K+ channels open

5.Repolarization

How does a catalyst affect the rate of reaction?

It increases the rate by lowering the activation energy

Which of the following substances neutralizes excess H+ Ions when blood Ph lowers?

-carbonic acid

carbon dioxide

-carbon monoxide

-bicarbonate

bicarbonate

Lipase would be the most important for the digestion of which food?

-pasta

-chicken

-oil

-apple

oil

pasta-carbs(amylase)

chicken(protease)

Which of the following are key drivers of genetic diversity in gametes? (Select all that apply)

-Crossing over

-Recombination

-Mutation

-Replication

-Independent Assortment

Crossing over

Recombination

Independent Assortment

***Gastrulation is a critical stage in embryonic development, primarily characterized by:

-Formation of the blastocoel

-Mitosis to increase cell number

-Differentiation of cells into extra-embryonic membranes

-Differentiation of cells into extra-embryonic membranes

What is the role of Ca2+ in muscle contraction?

-It exposes myosin-binding sites on actin

-It is required for muscle relaxation

-It catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP

-It binds myosin to create the power stroke

-It exposes myosin-binding sites on actin

Which organelle is responsible for releasing and harnessing energy storage in food?

-Lysosome

-Chloroplast

-Mitochondria

-Endoplasmic Reticulum

mitochondria

Blood leaving the lungs next enters the

-Left atrium

-Right atrium

-Left ventricle

-Right ventricle

left atrium

Which of the following describes the effect of increasing the pressure on a gaseous system already at equilibrium, given the reaction?

The equilibrium will shift left, decreasing the concentration of D

A coin would most likely weigh

-5 kilograms

-5 grams

-5 milligrams

-5 pounds

5 grams

Which statement correctly compares pH 6 to pH 3?

-pH6 has 1000 times higher H+ concentration

-pH6 has 3 times higher H+ concentration?

-pH has 1000 times higher OH- concentration

-pH6 has 3 times higher OH- concentration

-pH has 1000 times higher OH- concentration