Peloponnesian War; 4th cent., Macedon (10.20.26)

What was the Battle of Arginusae

It was an Athenian victory in 406 BCE

What happened at the Battle of Aegospotami and when did it occur

The Athenians were crushed in 405 BCE

Who established the "Thirty Tyrants” in Athens, and who led them?

Spartan general Lysander set them up in 404 BCE, and they were led by Critias

What political body did the Thirty Tyrants create, and how many anti-Democratics did it include

They created a new boule of 500 antidemocrats

Approximately how many anti-democrats did the Thirty Tyrants execute initially

They executed around 1500 people

What was the purpose of the citizen list of 3000 created by the Thirty Tyrants

it set up a list of citizens subject to trial, which allowed the Thirty to continue executing others freely

How did the rule of the Thrity Tyrants come to an end

Exiled Athenians eventually marched on the city

What were the terms of amensty agreement following the rule of the Thirty Tyrants

The thirty were held accountable for crimes before 403, and others hads to drop their grievances

What was the Corinthian war and how did it end?

Year: 395-397 BCE

Who: Sparta vs. a coalition of Athens, Thebes, Corinth, and Argos

Outcome:Ended in peace brokered by the Persian

What as the Theban-Spartan war, and how did it end?

ended with the Thebans defeating the Spartans

Who was Mausolus of Caria and what major monument is associated with him?

Location: Halicarnassus

Significance: Ruler of Caria, famous for his monument of Halicarnassus (Seven wonders)

What major geopolitical power shift occurred in 4th-century Greece following regional conflicts

The Rise of Macedon (which eventually unified and dominated the Greek world under Phillip II and Alexander the Great.

Who introduced significant military advances, such as the new phalanx, catapults, and new engineering corps

Phillip II of Macedon

What internal social/political reforms did Philip II of Macedon implement

He created a closer bond between the king and the army, as well as between the king and nobility

Which region did Philip II of Macedon incorporate as part of his military expansion

Thessaly

Why did Philip II of Macedon intervene in the Third Sacred War?

To control the religious council (at Delphi)

In which region did Philip II eliminate Athenian influence?

Northeast Greece (Chalcidice and Amphipolis)

Which Athenian politician led the growing resistance against Philip II

Demosthenes

In what year did Athens agree to an allience with Philip II, despite intial resistance

346 BC

Which Greek city-state famously did not participate as an Athenian ally in the war against Macedon

Sparta

What as the decisive 338 BC battle that resulted in a resounding Macedonian victory over Athens and its allies

Battle of Chaeronea

How did Philip II treat Thebes Vs. Athens after the Battle of Chaeronia

Thebes was punished, while Athens was let off easily

What alliance did Philip II create in 337 BC following its victory

Corinthian League

What major campaign was Philip II planning when he was assassinated

invasion of Persia