CSA- NECK

smallest vertebrae in size

cervical

c spine all have bifid spinous process except___

C1

lateral mass has

• articular processes (SAP & IAP)

• transverse foramina for the vertebral arteries & veins

c1=

atlas (supports the head & receives the dens of C2)

c2=

axis

C1 does not have a

spinous process or body

anterior & posterior arches are known as what in cspine

tubercle

what forms pivot for rotation of the atlas & head

c2 (axis)

what part of the cspine has a long body, extending upward forming the dens & has a thick bifid spinous process

C2

what cspine have a body & vertebral arch which surrounds the spinal cord, vertebral foramina, and bifid spinous process

C3-C6

what c vertebrae is known as the vertebral prominens & has a longer, single spinous process

C7

what bone is located below the mandible at C3 (U-shaped)

hyoid

what are the ligaments that attach to the larynx & is housed near the hyoid

voice box

what has the function of tongue movement & swallowing

hyoid bone

the voice box (larynx) is from what c vertebrae

C3-C6

what is part of the airway is in the anterior neck, acts as an air passageway, and contains laryngeal cartilages interconnected by ligaments in muscles aiding in voice production

larynx

thyroid cartilage is ___ to the hyoid bone

inferior

what is the largest of the cartilage structures in the larynx

thyroid cartilage

the anterior surface of the thyroid cartilage forms the ___

adams apple

laryngeal prominence is located at what C level

C4

what is a spoon shaped cartilage, posterior to the hyoid bone, and closes the opening to the larynx when food is ingested

epiglottis

what is the single cartilage inferior to the thyroid cartilage, wraps around the airway

cricoid cartilage

cricoid cartilage is wider ___

posteriorly

what rest on the posterior cricoid processes and has the function of vocal cord attachment

arytenoid cartilage

what are the 3 cartilages of the larynx

1. thyroid

2. cricoid

3. arytenoid

what cartilage of the larynx is u-shaped

thyroid

what cartilage of the larynx is circular shaped

cricoid

what cartilage of the larynx is 2 pyramid shaped cartilages

arytenoid

what are the vestibular folds also known as?

false vocal cords

what are the mucous membranes structures just superior to the glottic space with the function of protecting the airway & has NO ROLE IN VOICE PRODUCTION

vestibular folds (false vocal cords)

what are the ligaments that extend between arytenoid & thyroid cartilages, covered by mucous membranes, and are muscles that move the cartilage changing tension on the ligaments, AIDS IN VOICE PRODUCTION

vocal cords (folds)

what is the space within the larynx (between vocal & vestibular folds)

glottic space (ventricle)

tubular structure that extends from base of skull to C6 & becomes continuous with the esophagus (SERVES BOTH RESPIRATORY & DIGESTIVE)

pharynx

3 parts of the pharynx

1. nasopharynx

2. oropharynx

3. laryngeal pharynx

what is posterior to the larynx, below the epiglottis, ending at esophagus

laryngeal pharynx

main airway that extends from larynx to the main bronchi (level of C6-T4) & anterior to the esophagus & vertebral bodies

trachea

what starts at the level of C6 (end of pharynx) & extends to stomach

esophagus

esophagus is __ & __ to bodies of the vertebra

medial & anterior

what is a u-shaped gland, inferior to larynx, & has 2 lobes on either side of the trachea, that contributes to hormone production (influences metabolism, growth, development, & temperature)

thyroid gland

what are the thyroid glands connected by

isthmus

what are the salivary glands

1. submandibular

2. parotid

3. sublingual

function of salivary glands

produce & empty saliva into oral cavity by ways of ducts to aid in digestion

what salivary gland is the second largest salivary gland (walnut size)

submandibular

what salivary gland is in front of the auricle & is the largest salivary gland

parotid

what is the smallest salivary gland

sublingual

what muscle extends from superior-posterior aspect of the mentum to the posterior aspect of the mandible & forms most of the musculature of the tongue

genioglossus muscle

what muscle extends from inferior-posterior aspect of mentum to the hyoid bone & raises up the hyoid bone & depresses the mandible

geniohyoid muscle

what muscle attaches to the mastoid process of the temporal bone & aids in bending & rotating the head

sternocleidomastoid muscle

what arteries are through the neck (beside the trachea) & bifurcate into internal & external arteries?

common carotid arteries

the __ common carotid artery originates from the brachiocephalic artery

right

the __common carotid artery is the second major branch off the arotic arch

left

common carotid arteries bifurcate into external & internal carotids around what

C3/C4

what arteries originate from common carotids, ascend next to the internal jugular vein, & supply blood from anterior & middle cerebrum?

internal carotids

what artery arise from common carotid, supplies blood to the external head

external carotids

are the internal or external carotid arteries more superficially located in the anterior neck?

external

what arteries ascend superiorly through transverse foramina beginning at C6 & enter the skull through the foramen magnum & supply blood to the posterior brain/cerebrum

vertebral arteries

vertebral arteries start at the subclavian arteries & become___

basilar arteries

slide 43!!

what veins are on either side of the neck, next to the common carotid & join with subclavian veins to form the brachiocephalic veins & DRAIN BLOOD FROM THE BRAIN, FACE, AND NECK

internal jugular veins

what vein extends from subclavian vein through the neck & drain blood from the cranium & deep structure within the facial area

external jugular veins

external jugular veins will begin to visualize just below the ___

parotid gland

what are the 2 small veins behind the mandible that have the function of draining smaller veins from the temporal & maxillary regions

retromandibular veins

what is 1?

anterior arch

what is 2?

anterior tubercle

what is 3?

articular surface for dens of axis

what is 4?

transverse ligament tubercle

what is 5?

groove for the vertebral artery

what is 6?

posterior arch

what is 7?

posterior tubercle

what is 8?

lateral mass

what is 9?

superior articular facet

what is 10?

transverse process

what is 11?

transverse foramen

what is 12?

vertebral foramen

axis (C2)

• forms pivot for rotation of the atlas and head

  • long body extending upward forming dens (odontoid)

  • thick, bifid, spinous process

what is 1?

dens

what is 2?

superior articular facet

what is 3?

body

what is 4?

inferior articular facet

what is 5?

transverse foramen

what is 6?

spinous process

what is A?

superior articular process

what is B?

facet (superior)

what is C?

dens (odontoid process)

what is D?

transverse process

what is E?

facet

what is F?

inferior articular process

what is A?

dens

what is B?

transverse process of C1

what is C?

lateral mass of C1

what is D?

inferior articular surface of C1

what is E?

left Z joint

what is F?

body of C2

what is G?

right superior articular surface of C2

what is H?

anterior arch

what is A?

dens

what is B?

body of C3

what is C?

intervertebral disc space

which is more superficial & anterior the internal or external carotid

external carotid

what is 1

anterior tubercle of C1