LALS Exam 3

The National Security Doctrine

• Cold War military policy that targeted the enemy within

Operation Condor

• secret multi-country LA network to track and kill dissents across border

Madres de la Plaza de Mayo

• a weekly protest of mothers with white headscarves to find the disappeared

Los desaparecidos

• people secretly kidnapped and killed by the state and “disappeared”

Preferntial option for the poor

• Catholic principle of Liberation Theology

• God takes the side and protects the poor and oppressed

Internal Enemy of the State

• Anyone that was a leftist, subversively threatening the military rule from the inside

Liberation Theology

• Catholic movement that linked faith to political action for social justice

Dirty Wars

• state sponsored terror, violence, and mass murder campaigns

Concientizacion

• Term for awakening critical awareness of social oppression

• term coined by Freire

Second Vatican Council

• revamp that opened the church to social justice and local needs

Christan Based Communities

• Grassroots in Catholic groups that connected Bible Studies with community activism

School of the Americas

• US military base that trained LA commanders who carried out coups and abuse

The Chicago Boys

• US trained economists who forced radical free-market refoms on Chile under Pinochet

Law 900

• Guatemalan land-reform law taking uncultivated land for peasants

Praxis

• putting faith or theory into real world political action

REMHI Project

• Catholic Church truth report that exposed Guatemalan military civil war atrocities

• the three moneys plus one, see/say/hear no evil and shout for everyone to hear

Atlacatl Battalion

• US Trained salvadoran army unite responsible for massacres

Medellin Conference

• bishops meeting that committed the LA church to Liberation Theology

Jose Figueres

• COSTA RICAN

• president

• abolished country’s military in 1948

Efrain Rios Montt

• GUATEMALA

• Military dictator

• convicted of mayan genocide of civil war

Monsenor Juan Jose Gerardi

• GUATEMALA

• bishop

• supported REHMI and died two days after publication

Ernesto Cardenal

• NICARAGUA

• Priest/poet

• Sandinista minister reprimanded by the pope

Augusto Pinochet

• CHILE

• General

• overthrew Allende and had 17 year dictatorship

Salvador Allende

• CHILE

• marxist president

• democratically elected prez killed in 1973 coup

Gustavo Gutierrez

• PERU

• priest

• founding father of liberation theology

Monsenor Oscar Romero

• EL SALVADOR

• archbishop

• killed at alter for speaking out against army violence

Juan Jose Arevalo

• GUATEMALA

• democratic president

• started major social reforms

Jacobo Arbenz

• GUATEMALA

• president

• ousted by CIA coup over Law 900

Ernesto Che Guevara

• ARGENTINA

• marxist

• key leader for Cubas revolution

Fidel Castro

• CUBA

• leader

• ousted Batista and built communist state

Fulgencio Batista

• CUBA

• US backed dictator

• corrupt

Luis Anastosio Somoza Debayle

• NICARAGUA

• ruler

• part of decades long family dynasty

Daniel Hernandez Salazar

• GUATEMALA

• photogrpahic

• made artwork honoring civil war victims

Jorge Rafael Videla

• ARGENTINA

• juanta dictator

• in charge during worst years of dirty wars