APR Written Questions Lab Exam 3

APR 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4

The scala vestibuli contains

Perilymph

The vestibulocochlear nerve carries sensory information for both hearing and vision. T/F

False

The facial nerve carries taste sensations from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue. T/F?

False

Posterior Pituitary Hormones

oxytocin and antidiuretic

Anterior Pituitary Hormones

Follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone

The pancreas is both an _________ gland that is located in the ______

endocrine and exocrine, abdomen

the pancreas is divided into four parts from right to left

head, neck, body, tail

the ____ of the pancreas is adjacent to the duodenum of the small intestine

head

the tip of the tail of the pancreas is close to the _____

spleen

What occurs when hormones reach their target cells?

The hormone binds to an appropriate receptor on (in) the target cell

Hormone molecules are typically transported to the target cells by...

The blood stream

The hypothalamus is sometimes referred to as the "master control center" of the endocrine system because it…

Regulates most endocrine functions of the body

The pancreas is located…

between the duodenum and spleen, just inferior to the stomach

The endocrine portion of the pancreas produces...

Insulin and glucagon

How many parathyroid glands are there?

2-6

What cell in the parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone?

Chief (principal) cell

The parathyroid glands are usually located on which surface of the thryoid gland?

Posterior

Parathyroid hormone promotes...

Resorption of calcium from bone

What stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid gland?

Low blood calcium level

The suprarenal (adrenal) glands are located superior to which organ(s)?

Kidneys

The cortex of the suprarenal (adrenal) glands produces...

Corticosteroids

The medulla of the suprarenal gland secretes ________blank to enhance the ________blank response of the sympathetic nervous system

epinephrine and norepinephrine, fight or flight

What is the name of the narrow band of tissue connecting the right and left lobes of the thyroid gland?

Isthmus

Thyroid hormone stimulates the anterior pituitary to release...

Growth hormone (GH)

Select the following endocrine organs in order of their location from superior to inferior.

Hypothalamus, ovaries, thyroid gland, pituitary gland, suprarenal gland, pancreas

hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, suprarenal gland, pancreas, ovaries

carries deoxygenated blood

R/L atrium, R/L ventricle, pulmonary artery/vein, vena cava/aorta

superior/inferior vena cava, pulmonary artery, right atrium, right ventricle

___________________ is another name for antidiuretic hormone (not ADH).

vasopressin

The parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland produce calcitonin. T/F?

True

An enlarged thyroid gland is sometimes referred to as a _________________.

goiter

The interstitial cells of the testis produce the hormone testosterone. T/F?

true

The primary endocrine products of the ovaries are estrogen and ________________.

progesterone

During life, the _______________ gland rests in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.

pituitary

_______________-poiesis describes the formation of blood cells (formed elements).

hemato

Which chamber receives blood returning from the lungs?

left atrium

What are the muscular ridges within the ventricles called?

Trabeculae carneae

What ensures the movement of blood in one direction through the heart?

Valves

blood flow through the heart starting at vena cava

inferior/superior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic semilunar value, aorta

Oxygen-poor blood enters which chamber of the heart?

right atrium

The right atrioventricular valve is also called the

tricuspid valve

The only arteries in the body that carry oxygen-poor blood are the coronary arteries. T/F?

False

Left ventricular contraction propels blood through which valve?

Aortic valve

How many pulmonary veins are there?

Four

What structure is the remnant of the fetal blood shunt from the right atrium to the left atrium?

Fossa Ovalis

The coronary sulcus marks the position between the junction of the atria and the ventricles on the external surface of the heart. T/F?

true

The fibrous pericardium is the tough, fibrous sac that encloses the heart. T/F?

True

The ____ is the largest artery in the body

aorta

The aorta has ____ branches off of its arch

three

The first branch off the aortic arch is the…

brachiocephalic trunk

The second branch off the aortic arch is the…

left common carotid a.

The third branch of the aortic arch is the…

left subclavian a.

The blood first leaves the heart through the

aorta

The ____ out of three branches of the aorta takes blood to the left arm.

third

After blood flows through the _____ it flows into the _______, which is anterior to the scapula.

subclavian a, axillary a.

after the axillary a. blood flows into the ______, which is on the medial side of superior part of the arm.

brachial a

Blood going to the thumb would travel through the _____ in the lateral side of the forearm.

radial a.

The blood first leaves the heart through the _____ (artery)

aorta

Once in the lower abdomen, the aorta branches into the ____

common iliac a.

The common iliac a. then branches and blood going to the leg travels in the

external iliac a.

After the external iliac a. blood flows through the ____, which is found in the medial thigh

femoral a.

The femoral a. changes into the ______, when passes through the adductor hiatus and is located in the posterior knee region.

popliteal a.

The popliteal a. then branches. Blood traveling to the sole of the foot would travel in the _____

posterior tibial a.

put the branches of the abdominal aorta in order as they come off the aorta

superior and inferior mesenteric a, gonadal a, celiac a, renal a

celiac a, superior mesenteric a, renal a, gonadal a, inferior mesenteric a

Using the terms provided, trace a drop of blood from the elbow back to the heart. (veins)

brachial, axillary, subclavian, brachiocephalic, superior vena cava

The tunica intima (interna) is the thickest layer in arteries. T/F?

False

The hepatic vein carries absorbed products of digestion to the liver. T/F?

false

unique function of the cardiovascular system carries blood T/F

true

unique function of the cardiovascular system exchanges nutrients T/F

true

unique function of the cardiovascular system transports substances T/F?

true

unique function of the cardiovascular system helps regulate blood pressure T/F?

true

unique function of the cardiovascular system directs blood flow to tissues T/F?

true

unique function of the cardiovascular system absorbs lipids T/F?

false

unique function of the cardiovascular system filters blood T/F?

false

unique function of the cardiovascular system regulates the immune system T/F?

false

unique function of the cardiovascular system regulates metabolic rate T/F?

false