A1.2.2 - Components of a nucleotide

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5 Terms

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Nucleotide

  • The monomer that builds DNA and RNA


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Parts of a Nucleotide

  • Phosphate

  • Sugar

  • Base


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Nucleotide Diagram

  1. Start ‍With the Sugar (Pentagon)

    1. Draw a ‍pentagon in the centre to represent the ‍pentose sugar

    2. The sugar is the ‍core connection point for both the phosphate ‍group and the nitrogenous base

  2. Add ‍the Phosphate Group (Circle)

    1. Attach a circle ‍to the sugar's carbon 5 ‌position (C5'), the upper ‍left corner

    2. This circle represents the ‍phosphate group, which lets nucleotides link ‌together in chains

  3. Add the Nitrogenous ‍Base (Rectangle)

    1. Connect a rectangle to the ‌sugar's carbon 1 position (C1'‌), the upper right corner.

    2. This represents the nitrogenous base, ‍which determines the nucleotide's identity (A,‍ T, C, G,‍ or U)


<ol><li><p><strong>Start ‍With the Sugar (Pentagon)</strong></p><ol><li><p>Draw a ‍pentagon in the centre to represent the ‍<strong>pentose sugar</strong></p></li><li><p>The sugar is the ‍<strong>core connection point</strong> for both the phosphate ‍group and the nitrogenous base</p></li></ol></li><li><p><strong>Add ‍the Phosphate Group (Circle)</strong></p><ol><li><p>Attach a <strong>circle</strong> ‍to the sugar's <strong>carbon 5 ‌position (C5')</strong>, the upper ‍left corner</p></li><li><p>This circle represents the ‍<strong>phosphate group</strong>, which lets nucleotides link ‌together in chains</p></li></ol></li><li><p><strong>Add the Nitrogenous ‍Base (Rectangle)</strong></p><ol><li><p>Connect a <strong>rectangle</strong> to the ‌sugar's <strong>carbon 1 position (C1'‌)</strong>, the upper right corner.</p></li><li><p>This represents the <strong>nitrogenous base</strong>, ‍which determines the nucleotide's identity (A,‍ T, C, G,‍ or U)</p></li></ol></li></ol><p></p>
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Pentose sugar for RNA

  • Ribose has an -OH on both 1’ and 2’ carbons


<ul><li><p>Ribose has an <strong>-OH on both 1’ and 2’ carbons </strong></p></li></ul><p></p>
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Pentose sugar for DNA

  • Deoxyribose has a -OH on 1’ carbon and a H on 2’ carbon


<ul><li><p>Deoxyribose has a <strong>-OH on 1’ carbon and a H on 2’ carbon</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>