HLHS 101 Final Random Terms

adrenal Insufficiency

condition in which the adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones

antibody

substance produced by the body in response to the antigen

antigen

(evil) substance that causes the body to produce antibodies

anticoagulant

drug that prevents the coagulation of blood

ascites

retention of fluid in the peritoneum (comes from askos, goat skin bag)

bulla

latin for bubble, refers to larger vesicles like blisters

catatonia

condition characterized by reduced muscle tone

dementia

prolapsed decline in mental function, very apparent over time

diabetes mellitus

metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia

diabetic ketoacidosis

acidity of the blood caused by the presence of the ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar; it must burn fat for energy

dyslexia

difficulty reading, bad reading condition

ecchymosis

from greek- to pour out. a large bruise

enuresis

involuntary urination, present in young kids, most commonly known as bed wetting

hematocrit

a test to judge or separate the blood. it’s used to determine the ratio of red blood cells to the total blood volume

hemorrhage

Excessive bleeding

hemostatic

drug that stops the flow of blood

idiopathic

no known cause

incontinence

inability to control urination, used for anyone, of any age, at any time (not just bedwetting)

macule

freckle- a small, flat, discolored area

menarche

beginning or first menstruation

nystagmus

involuntary back and forth eye movements

occlusion

closing or blockage of a passage

papule

pimple- a small solid mass

petechia

a small bruise

reflux

a backflow of some sort

sphygmomanometer

blood pressure cuff, strangle-thing-instrument for measuring

splenectomy

surgical removal of the spleen

thelarche

beginning of breast development

thrombus

blood clot, stationary

thrombolytic

a drug that dissolves clots

vesicle

a small blister

adenocarcinoma

cancerous tumor of a gland

arteriosclerosis

hardening of an artery

atherosclerosis

hardening of an artery due to fatty plaque build up

cardiomyopathy

disease of the heart muscle

cardiomyotomy

Incision into the heart muscle

cholecystogram

record of the bile (gall) bladder

cholelithotripsy

crushing of bile (gall) stones

cystoptosis

downward displacement of the bladder

cystorrhexis

rupture of the bladder

embolectomy

surgical removal of an embolus

erythrocyte

red blood cell

hematuria

bloody urination

laryngectomy

removal of the larynx

lymphadenitis

inflammation of a lymph gland

pneumothorax

air in the chest

thyroidotomy

incision into the thyroid

venospasm

involuntary contraction of a vein

hypoparathyroidism

underproduction by the parathyroid

anesthetic types

local, general, regional, topical

general anesthetic

anesthetic that causes complete loss of consciousness

local anesthetic

anesthetic that does not affect consciousness

regional anesthetic

anesthetic that is injected into a nerve, causing loss of sensation over a certain area

topical anesthetic

local anesthesia applied to the surface of the area to be anesthetized

heart chambers

2 atria (receiving) and 2 ventricles (sending)

jobs of the left and right sides of the heart

left sides handle oxygen rich blood, right sides handle oxygen poor blood

stroke types

hemorrhagic and ischemic

hemorrhagic stroke

a stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel

ischemic stroke

a stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage