UNIT 5 WOOO

Health Psychology

Study of how behavior and emotions affect health and illness (ex. Stress could cause high blood pressure)

Hypertension

High blood pressure

Immune Suppression

When the immune system becomes weaker

Eustress

positive stress (ex. Feeling good before a big game)

Distress

negative stress (Ex. feeling overwhelmed during finals week)

Adverse childhood experiences

Traumatic event during childhood that can effect life later on (ex. Growing up in a abused house)

General Adaptation Syndrome

The bodys 3 stage response to long term stress

Alarm

Fight or flight kicks in

Resistance

You try to cope and keep going

Exhaustion

You run out of energy and crash

Tend and befriend theory

Stress response where you calm stress by helping others and getting support from friends (ex. Calling a friend when stressed instead of isolated)

Problem Focused Coping

dealing with stress by fixing the problem (ex. Making a study plan to improve a bad grade)

Emotion Focused Coping

dealing with stress by managing your feelings (ex. Listening to music after a breakup)

Wisdom

deep understanding of life and good judgement

Temperance

self control

Transcendence

feeling connected to something bigger than yourself

Posttraumatic growth

positive change that happens after a very stressful experience (ex. Someone becomes stronger after surviving a sickness)

Psychological Disorders

Factors used to identify psychological disorders

Level of dysfunction

how much psychological problems interfere with daily life (ex. Anxiety is so bad that you cant go to school and hang out with friends)

Perception of distress

How stressful someone thinks a situation is (ex. One sees a test and thinks no big deal while the other sees it and feels panicked)

Deviation from the social norm

Acting in a way that is very different from what society expects (ex. Wearing a swimsuit to school)

DSM

Official book used by psychologists to diagnose mental disorders (ex. A therapist uses the DSM to determine if someone has depression)

ICD

Global system doctors use to classify diseases and mental disorders

Cause of Mental disorders

Behavioral

Explains mental disorders as learned behaviors from environment and experiences

Psychodynamic

explains that disorders are caused from childhood

Biopsychosocial Model

explains mental disorders using three parts, biological, psychological, and social factors

Diathesis stress model

Mental disorders happen when a vulnerability meets stress (ex. Someone has the risk for depression, but it only happens after a break up)

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

disorders that start in the early life and affect brain development (ex. ADHD or autism affecting attention) NEURO=BRAIN DEVELOPMENT=early growth

ADHD

Involving trouble paying attention, staying still

ASD

A development disorder that affects social skills

Schizophrenic Spectrum disorders

group of disorders that distorts thinking, perception, and behavior

Delusions

fixed false beliefs even when there is clear evidence its not true (ex. Believing someone is watching you)

Disorganized thinking

thinking or speech that is confused hard to follow (ex. Someone jumps unrelated ideas when talking)

Disorganized motor behavior

strange unpredictable movements that don’t have a clear purpose (ex. Sitting still for a long time then

Positive symptoms

things that are added to a persons experience that should be there (ex. Delusions and hallucinations)

Negative symptoms

things that are missing from a persons typical behavior

Delusion of persecution

belief that others are out to get them

Delusion of grandeur

where someone believes they have special powers or importance

Disorganized speech

speech that is hard to understand because ideas dont connect

Disorganized motor behavior

someone suddenly freezes then stays still for a long time

Acute Condition

short episodes

Chronic condition

long lasting

Depressive Disorders

Persistent feeling of sadness, emptiness

Major depressive disorder

mental disorder with long lasting sadness (ex. Someone stops hanging out with friends) last 2 weeks

Persistent depressive disorders

long term mild form of depression that lasts for 2 years (ex. Someone feels down for most days for years but can still function)

Bipolar Disorders

mental disorders with extreme mood swings

Manic Episodes

periods of extremely high energy, mood and activity

Depressive episodes

periods of intense sadness and low energy that lasts for days

Bipolar cycling

the pattern of moving back and forward between manic and depressive episodes

Bipolar 1

disorder with at least one full manic episode

Bipolar 2

disorder with hypomanic episodes and major depression

Anxiety Disorders

disorders involving fear, worry, and nervousness

Specific phobias

Agoraphobia

fear of specific social situations

Panic Disorders

intense episodes of panic attacks

Culture bound syndrome

mental disorder that appears in a specific culture (ex. Ataque de nervios” in some Latino cultures involves intense emotional outbursts during stress)

Generalized anxiety disorder

worry about many things

Learned associations

when two things become linked in your mind (ex. Feeling nervous when you heard a dental drill because you had painful experiences before)

Maladaptive thinking

thinking patterns that are inaccurate or unhealthy make problems worse (ex. I failed one test, so im a failure)

Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders

Obsessive compulsive disorder

A disorder with unwanted repeated thoughts (obsessions) and repeated behaviors (compulsions) (ex. Fear of germs so wash hands alot)

Hoarding disorder

disorder when someone has extreme difficulty getting rid of something.

Dissociative disorders

where a person feels disconnected from their identity, memory

Dissociative Amnesia

sudden memory loss of important personal information

Feeding and eating disorder

Anorexia Nervosa

fear of gaining weight

Bulimia Nervosa

eating alot of food then trying to undo it

Personality Disorders

Cluster A

personality with odd strange and paranoid thinking (ex. schizoid)

Cluster B

personality disorders with dramatic behavior

Cluster C

disorders with anxious fearful thinking

Therapeutic Alliance

the trusting relationship between a therapist and the client

Nonmaleficence

do not harm

Fidelity

being honest, loyal, and trustworthy in therapy

Hypnosis

relaxed focused state where a person is open to suggestions