Bacterial diagnosis

What will allow you to determine the suspected pathogen of an animal?

• species of animal

• organ affected

• clinical history

• epidemiology

• gross pathology

• vetrinary bacteriology

E.coli is a diarrhea causing bacteria to every species except one which is it?

cats

What bacteria is a diarrhea causing to all species

salmonella

What bacteria is diarrhea causing for cows and horses

clostridium

What bacteria cause diarrhea in cows and pigs

mycobacterium

What bacteria only causes diarrhea in pigs

Treponema

What bacteria cause diarrhea in only equines

• Actinobacillus

• Rhodococcus

• Ehrlichia

What bacteria only causes diarrhea in dogs

campylobacter

If a bacterial infection is suspected what should be done in order for identification to occur

1. obtain samples

2. culture in selective media

3. obtain a pure culture

What are the culture requirements you must consider when culturing bacteria

• oxygen requirement

• Nutritional requirements

Distinctions between anaerobes and aerobes when culturing relates to what requirements

Oxygen requirement

If the type of bacteria is unknown you should culture it on a _________ media for example ______________

• non selective

• blood agar media

Culturing bacteria on a blood agar media allows for you to assess what characteristics of the bacteria

• colony characteristics

• hemolytic reactions

____________ should be cultured on a MacConkey agar plate due to its use of __________

• enteric bacteria

• bile salts

________ should be cultured on an mannitol salt agar plate due to its high _________

• staphylococcus

• salt

After isolating a colony what morphology or staining properties should you be looking for?

• cell shape

• cell arrangement

• gram stain

• acid fast stain

• motility test

What are the two motility tests you would perform in order to ascertain if bacteria has flagella

• hanging drop test

• soft agar motility media

Based on the soft agar motility test in A what are the characteristics of the bacteria

• non motile

• facultative anaerobe

Based on the soft agar motility test in B what are the characteristics of the bacteria

• motile

• facultative anaerobe

Based on the soft agar motility test in C what are the characteristics of the bacteria

• non motile

• Obligate aerobe

Based on the soft agar motility test in D what are the characteristics of the bacteria

• motile

• microaerophilic

What biochemical characteristics would allow us to tell the difference between two similar bacteria

• mode of carbohydrate utilization

• catalase reactions

• oxidase reactions

• coagulase test

What test would tell us the difference between E. coli and Salmonella

Lactose test

What test would tell us the difference between Staphylococcus and Streptococcus

catalase test

You would utilize a catalase test to the the difference between __________ bacteria

gram positive

you would utilize an oxidase test to tell the difference between _______ bacteria

gram negative

What test would tell us the difference between Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae

oxidase test

What test would you use to determine differences between pathogenic staphylococci

coagulase test

In some cases vets need recomendation on what medication to use on an identified bacteria if that was the case you would run an _________________

antibiotic susceptibility test

For some bacteria standard isolation won’t work and for those cases we will utilize what other methods?

• immunological

• molecular

• immunological antibody focus

What antigens are we assessing for in an immunological approach

• Capsule(k antigen)

• LPS( O antigen)

• flagella(H antigen)

• pili antigen

You should utilize the molecular approach if what happens?

• if its dangerous to culture

• cant use antigens

• too slow to grow

What is the difference between the 2 immunological routes of bacterial identification

one searches for antigens the other searches for antibody’s

What serologic tests would you perform in order to identify a pathogen

• Indirect fluorescent antibody test

• ELISA

• Western blot

What tests would you specifically perform for rickettsia and chlamydia and why

• cytology

• cell culture

• serology

• pcr

• because they are obligate intracellular bacteria

In cytology for rickettsia and chlamydia you should use ________ to detect intracellular bacteria

Gimesa stain